{ "packId": "spanish-people-life", "packName": "Spanish: People & Everyday Life", "packVersion": "1.0.6", "description": "Latin American Spanish for the people in your life: family and how people look and act, work, school and the daily routine, then feelings, opinions and getting along with others.", "language": "es", "tagsVocabulary": [ "family-people", "emotions-social", "older-or-same-gen", "younger-gen", "character-build", "stature-hair", "marital-status", "social-bond", "morning-dress", "hygiene-night", "professional", "service-teaching", "place-meeting", "object-task", "negative-mood", "positive-action", "thought-verb", "agreement", "well-wishing", "request-action" ], "lessons": [ { "id": "l3-family-people", "title": "Lesson 1: Family & People", "order": 0, "studyGuidePath": "/packs/spanish-people-life/guides/l3-family-people.md", "parts": [ { "id": "p7-family-members", "title": "Part 1: Family Members", "blurb": "Describe extended family structures and in-laws.", "studyGuideAnchor": "family-members", "itemIds": [ "pair-suegro", "pair-cuñado", "pair-nuera", "pair-yerno", "pair-primo", "pair-sobrino", "mcq-family-law", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-suegro", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-suegro", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-cuñado", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-nuera", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-suegro", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-la-suegra", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-yerno", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-la-nuera", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-cu-ado", "ot-inlaws-1", "ot-inlaws-2", "ot-inlaws-3", "ot-inlaws-4", "ot-inlaws-5", "ot-extfam-1", "ot-extfam-2", "ot-extfam-3", "ot-extfam-4", "fact-in-laws-one-word-each", "fact-nuera-not-feminine-yerno", "fact-primos-sobrinos", "fi-mcq-family-law", "fi-ot-inlaws-2" ] }, { "id": "p8-describing-people", "title": "Part 2: Describing People", "blurb": "Move beyond basic labels to physical and character traits.", "studyGuideAnchor": "describing-people", "itemIds": [ "pair-optimista", "pair-serio", "pair-delgado", "pair-bajo", "pair-rubio", "pair-moreno", "cloze-ser-character", "fact-aspecto-fisico", "mcq-rw-p8-describing-people", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-optimista", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-serio", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-delgado", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-bajo", "ot-appear-1", "ot-appear-2", "ot-appear-3", "ot-appear-4", "ot-appear-5", "ot-char-1", "ot-char-2", "ot-char-3", "ot-char-4", "fact-aspecto-fisico-pairs", "fact-simpatico-false-friend", "fi-ot-appear-4", "fi-ot-appear-2" ] }, { "id": "p9-relationships", "title": "Part 3: Relationships", "blurb": "Describe social bonds and marital status.", "studyGuideAnchor": "relationships", "itemIds": [ "pair-casado", "pair-soltero", "pair-divorciado", "pair-novio", "pair-amigo", "pair-conocido", "mcq-status", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-casado", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-soltero", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-divorciado", "ot-rel-1", "ot-rel-2", "ot-rel-3", "ot-rel-4", "fact-marital-status-four", "fact-novio-groom", "fact-amigo-weight", "fi-ot-rel-2", "fi-ot-rel-4" ] } ], "objectives": [ { "id": "obj-in-laws", "statement": "Name the in-law relationships (suegro/suegra, yerno, nuera, cuñado).", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-in-laws", "d-in-laws-concept" ] }, { "id": "obj-extended-family", "statement": "Identify cousins, nieces/nephews, and in-law terms, including your sister's husband.", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-family-context", "d-family-tf" ] }, { "id": "obj-describe-appearance", "statement": "Describe a person's physical appearance by height, build, and hair color.", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-appearance", "d-appearance-tf" ] }, { "id": "obj-describe-character", "statement": "Describe personality using ser and recognize the false friend simpático.", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-character", "d-character-tf" ] }, { "id": "obj-relationships", "statement": "State marital status and social-bond relationships (married/single/divorced, boyfriend, friend, acquaintance).", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-marital", "d-social-bond" ] } ], "demonstrations": [ { "id": "d-in-laws", "label": "In-law terms", "itemIds": [ "pair-suegro", "pair-cuñado", "pair-nuera", "pair-yerno" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-in-laws-concept", "label": "In-law concepts", "itemIds": [ "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-suegro", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-la-suegra", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-yerno", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-la-nuera" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-family-context", "label": "Family in context", "itemIds": [ "pair-primo", "pair-sobrino", "mcq-family-law", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-cu-ado" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-family-tf", "label": "Family meanings verified", "itemIds": [ "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-suegro", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-cuñado", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-nuera" ], "requiredCorrect": 3 }, { "id": "d-appearance", "label": "Physical appearance", "itemIds": [ "pair-delgado", "pair-bajo", "pair-rubio", "pair-moreno" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-appearance-tf", "label": "Appearance verified", "itemIds": [ "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-delgado", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-bajo" ], "requiredCorrect": 2 }, { "id": "d-character", "label": "Personality and false friend", "itemIds": [ "pair-optimista", "pair-serio", "cloze-ser-character", "mcq-rw-p8-describing-people" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-character-tf", "label": "Character verified", "itemIds": [ "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-optimista", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-serio" ], "requiredCorrect": 2 }, { "id": "d-marital", "label": "Marital status", "itemIds": [ "pair-casado", "pair-soltero", "pair-divorciado", "mcq-status" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-social-bond", "label": "Social bonds", "itemIds": [ "pair-novio", "pair-amigo", "pair-conocido" ], "requiredCorrect": 3 } ], "objectiveTests": [ { "id": "test-in-laws", "objectiveId": "obj-in-laws", "title": "In-law relationships", "mcqIds": [ "ot-inlaws-1", "ot-inlaws-2", "ot-inlaws-3", "ot-inlaws-4", "ot-inlaws-5" ] }, { "id": "test-extended-family", "objectiveId": "obj-extended-family", "title": "Extended family terms", "mcqIds": [ "mcq-family-law", "ot-extfam-1", "ot-extfam-2", "ot-extfam-3", "ot-extfam-4" ] }, { "id": "test-describe-appearance", "objectiveId": "obj-describe-appearance", "title": "Describing appearance", "mcqIds": [ "ot-appear-1", "ot-appear-2", "ot-appear-3", "ot-appear-4", "ot-appear-5" ] }, { "id": "test-describe-character", "objectiveId": "obj-describe-character", "title": "Personality & ser/estar", "mcqIds": [ "mcq-rw-p8-describing-people", "ot-char-1", "ot-char-2", "ot-char-3", "ot-char-4" ] }, { "id": "test-relationships", "objectiveId": "obj-relationships", "title": "Marital & social bonds", "mcqIds": [ "mcq-status", "ot-rel-1", "ot-rel-2", "ot-rel-3", "ot-rel-4" ] } ] }, { "id": "l10-work-routine", "title": "Lesson 2: Work, Study & Daily Routine", "order": 1, "studyGuidePath": "/packs/spanish-people-life/guides/l10-work-routine.md", "parts": [ { "id": "p28-daily-routine", "title": "Part 1: Daily Routine", "blurb": "Describe your habits using essential reflexive verbs.", "studyGuideAnchor": "daily-routine", "itemIds": [ "pair-despertarse", "pair-levantarse", "pair-ducharse", "fact-banarse-regional", "pair-vestirse", "pair-acostarse", "pair-cepillarse", "cloze-reflexive-morning", "fact-reflexive-structure", "cz-spanish-vocabulary-fact-reflexive-structure", "mcq-c-spanish-vocabulary-fact-reflexive-structure", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-despertarse", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-levantarse", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-levantarse", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-ducharse", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-ducharse", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-vestirse", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-acostarse", "ot-routine-1", "ot-routine-2", "ot-routine-3", "ot-routine-4", "ot-routine-5", "ot-structure-1", "ot-structure-2", "ot-structure-3", "ot-structure-4", "fact-despertarse-vs-levantarse", "fact-reflexive-pronoun-ladder", "fi-ot-routine-2", "fi-ot-routine-4" ] }, { "id": "p29-jobs-professions", "title": "Part 2: Jobs and Professions", "blurb": "Identify roles and discuss professional responsibilities.", "studyGuideAnchor": "jobs-and-professions", "itemIds": [ "pair-ingeniero", "pair-maestro", "pair-abogado", "pair-medico-prof", "pair-camarero-prof", "pair-estudiante", "mcq-job-place", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-ingeniero", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-maestro", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-abogado", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-ingeniero", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-maestro", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-abogado", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-camarero", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-m-dico", "ot-prof-1", "ot-prof-2", "ot-prof-3", "ot-prof-4", "ot-prof-5", "ot-profctx-1", "ot-profctx-2", "ot-profctx-3", "ot-profctx-4", "fact-job-titles-gender-endings", "fact-profession-by-workplace", "fact-estar-en-el-paro", "fi-ot-prof-5", "fi-ot-prof-2" ] }, { "id": "p30-office-classroom", "title": "Part 3: Office or Classroom", "blurb": "Navigate professional and educational environments.", "studyGuideAnchor": "office-or-classroom", "itemIds": [ "pair-reunion", "pair-oficina", "pair-aula", "pair-horario", "pair-ordenador", "pair-tarea", "cloze-darse-cuenta", "mcq-office-item", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-reunion", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-oficina", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-aula", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-horario", "ot-work-1", "ot-work-2", "ot-work-3", "ot-work-4", "fact-ordenador-vs-computadora", "fact-el-aula-las-aulas", "fact-darse-cuenta-de", "fi-ot-work-4", "fi-ot-work-3" ] } ], "objectives": [ { "id": "obj-reflexive-routine", "statement": "Narrate a daily routine using reflexive verbs (wake up, get up, shower, dress, brush teeth, go to bed).", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-routine-verbs", "d-routine-verbs2", "d-routine-tf" ] }, { "id": "obj-reflexive-structure", "statement": "Explain the structure of a conjugated reflexive verb.", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-reflexive-structure" ] }, { "id": "obj-professions", "statement": "Name professions with their gender inflection.", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-professions", "d-profession-concepts" ] }, { "id": "obj-professions-context", "statement": "Identify professions in context and confirm their meanings.", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-prof-context", "d-prof-tf" ] }, { "id": "obj-workplace", "statement": "Name office and classroom words in Spanish, including la computadora.", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-workplace", "d-office-items" ] } ], "demonstrations": [ { "id": "d-routine-verbs", "label": "Morning routine verbs", "itemIds": [ "pair-despertarse", "pair-levantarse", "pair-ducharse", "pair-vestirse" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-routine-verbs2", "label": "Bedtime verbs and routine review", "itemIds": [ "pair-acostarse", "pair-cepillarse", "cloze-reflexive-morning", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-despertarse" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-reflexive-structure", "label": "Reflexive conjugation structure", "itemIds": [ "cz-spanish-vocabulary-fact-reflexive-structure", "ot-structure-1", "ot-structure-2", "ot-structure-3" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-professions", "label": "Professions", "itemIds": [ "pair-ingeniero", "pair-maestro", "pair-abogado", "pair-estudiante" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-profession-concepts", "label": "Profession concepts", "itemIds": [ "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-ingeniero", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-maestro", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-abogado", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-camarero" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-prof-context", "label": "Professions in context", "itemIds": [ "pair-medico-prof", "pair-camarero-prof", "mcq-job-place", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-m-dico" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-prof-tf", "label": "Profession meanings verified", "itemIds": [ "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-ingeniero", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-maestro", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-abogado" ], "requiredCorrect": 3 }, { "id": "d-workplace", "label": "Workplace settings", "itemIds": [ "pair-reunion", "pair-oficina", "pair-aula", "pair-horario" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-office-items", "label": "Office items and computer", "itemIds": [ "pair-ordenador", "pair-tarea", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-oficina", "mcq-office-item" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-routine-tf", "label": "Routine meanings verified", "itemIds": [ "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-levantarse", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-ducharse", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-vestirse", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-acostarse" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 } ], "objectiveTests": [ { "id": "test-reflexive-routine", "objectiveId": "obj-reflexive-routine", "title": "Daily Routine Reflexive Verbs", "mcqIds": [ "ot-routine-1", "ot-routine-2", "ot-routine-3", "ot-routine-4", "ot-routine-5" ] }, { "id": "test-reflexive-structure", "objectiveId": "obj-reflexive-structure", "title": "Reflexive Verb Structure", "mcqIds": [ "mcq-c-spanish-vocabulary-fact-reflexive-structure", "ot-structure-1", "ot-structure-2", "ot-structure-3", "ot-structure-4" ] }, { "id": "test-professions", "objectiveId": "obj-professions", "title": "Professions & Gender", "mcqIds": [ "ot-prof-1", "ot-prof-2", "ot-prof-3", "ot-prof-4", "ot-prof-5" ] }, { "id": "test-professions-context", "objectiveId": "obj-professions-context", "title": "Professions in Context", "mcqIds": [ "mcq-job-place", "ot-profctx-1", "ot-profctx-2", "ot-profctx-3", "ot-profctx-4" ] }, { "id": "test-workplace", "objectiveId": "obj-workplace", "title": "Office & Classroom Words", "mcqIds": [ "mcq-office-item", "ot-work-1", "ot-work-2", "ot-work-3", "ot-work-4" ] } ] }, { "id": "l11-emotions-social", "title": "Lesson 3: Emotions, Opinions & Social", "order": 2, "studyGuidePath": "/packs/spanish-people-life/guides/l11-emotions-social.md", "parts": [ { "id": "p31-feelings-moods", "title": "Part 1: Feelings and Moods", "blurb": "Express internal states and emotional changes.", "studyGuideAnchor": "feelings-and-moods", "itemIds": [ "pair-feliz", "pair-triste", "pair-enojado", "pair-preocupado", "pair-calmarse", "pair-divertirse", "mcq-feeling-opposite", "fact-emotional-reflexive", "cz-spanish-vocabulary-fact-emotional-reflexive", "mcq-c-spanish-vocabulary-fact-emotional-reflexive", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-feliz", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-triste", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-enojado", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-preocupado", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-calmarse", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-enojarse", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-preocuparse", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-calmarse", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-divertirse", "ot-feelings-1", "ot-feelings-2", "ot-feelings-3", "ot-feelings-4", "ot-reflexive-1", "ot-reflexive-2", "ot-reflexive-3", "ot-reflexive-4", "fact-enfadado-vs-enojado-region", "fi-mcq-feeling-opposite", "fi-ot-feelings-1" ] }, { "id": "p32-expressing-opinions", "title": "Part 2: Expressing Opinions", "blurb": "Participate in debates and explain your perspective.", "studyGuideAnchor": "expressing-opinions", "itemIds": [ "pair-creer", "pair-pensar", "pair-opinar", "pair-acuerdo", "pair-desacuerdo", "pair-razon", "cloze-en-mi-opinion", "mcq-opinion-phrase", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-creer", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-creer", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-pensar", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-pensar", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-opinar", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-acuerdo", "ot-opinions-1", "ot-opinions-2", "ot-opinions-3", "ot-opinions-4", "ot-opinverify-1", "ot-opinverify-2", "ot-opinverify-3", "ot-opinverify-4", "ot-opinverify-5", "fact-creer-pensar-opinar-register", "fact-tener-razon", "fact-framing-a-position", "fi-ot-opinions-4", "fi-mcq-opinion-phrase" ] }, { "id": "p33-social-phrases", "title": "Part 3: Social Phrases", "blurb": "Manage social interactions and invite new friends.", "studyGuideAnchor": "social-phrases", "itemIds": [ "pair-invitar", "pair-felicidades", "pair-bienvenido", "pair-suerte", "pair-permiso", "pair-ayuda", "mcq-social-response", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-invitar", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-felicidades", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-bienvenido", "ot-social-1", "ot-social-2", "ot-social-3", "ot-social-4", "fact-te-invito-means-paying", "fact-con-permiso-signals-movement", "fact-fixed-well-wishes", "fi-ot-social-4", "fi-mcq-social-response" ] } ], "objectives": [ { "id": "obj-feelings", "statement": "Describe feelings and moods (happy, sad, angry, worried) and give opposites.", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-moods", "d-mood-tf" ] }, { "id": "obj-emotional-reflexive", "statement": "Use reflexive verbs for emotional change (calmarse, divertirse) and explain the reflexive pattern.", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-emotion-verbs", "d-emotion-concepts" ] }, { "id": "obj-opinions", "statement": "Express opinions with creer, pensar, and opinar and state agreement or disagreement.", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-opinion-verbs", "d-agreement", "d-opinion-tf" ] }, { "id": "obj-social-phrases", "statement": "Use fixed social phrases (congratulations, welcome, good luck, excuse me, invite).", "demonstrationIds": [ "d-social", "d-social2" ] } ], "demonstrations": [ { "id": "d-moods", "label": "Moods", "itemIds": [ "pair-feliz", "pair-triste", "pair-enojado", "pair-preocupado" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-mood-tf", "label": "Moods verified and opposites", "itemIds": [ "mcq-feeling-opposite", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-feliz", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-triste", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-enojado" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-emotion-verbs", "label": "Emotional reflexive verbs", "itemIds": [ "pair-calmarse", "pair-divertirse", "cz-spanish-vocabulary-fact-emotional-reflexive", "ot-reflexive-3", "ot-reflexive-4" ], "requiredCorrect": 5 }, { "id": "d-emotion-concepts", "label": "Reflexive emotion concepts", "itemIds": [ "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-enojarse", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-preocuparse", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-calmarse", "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-divertirse" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-opinion-verbs", "label": "Opinion verbs", "itemIds": [ "pair-creer", "pair-pensar", "pair-opinar", "mcq-opinion-phrase" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-agreement", "label": "Agreement phrases", "itemIds": [ "pair-acuerdo", "pair-desacuerdo", "pair-razon", "cloze-en-mi-opinion" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-opinion-tf", "label": "Opinion meanings verified", "itemIds": [ "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-creer", "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-pensar", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-opinar", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-acuerdo" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-social", "label": "Fixed Social Phrases", "itemIds": [ "pair-felicidades", "pair-bienvenido", "pair-suerte", "pair-permiso" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 }, { "id": "d-social2", "label": "Invite, help, response", "itemIds": [ "pair-invitar", "pair-ayuda", "mcq-social-response", "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-felicidades" ], "requiredCorrect": 4 } ], "objectiveTests": [ { "id": "test-feelings", "objectiveId": "obj-feelings", "title": "Feelings & Moods", "mcqIds": [ "mcq-feeling-opposite", "ot-feelings-1", "ot-feelings-2", "ot-feelings-3", "ot-feelings-4" ] }, { "id": "test-emotional-reflexive", "objectiveId": "obj-emotional-reflexive", "title": "Reflexive Emotion Verbs", "mcqIds": [ "mcq-c-spanish-vocabulary-fact-emotional-reflexive", "ot-reflexive-1", "ot-reflexive-2", "ot-reflexive-3", "ot-reflexive-4" ] }, { "id": "test-opinions", "objectiveId": "obj-opinions", "title": "Expressing Opinions", "mcqIds": [ "mcq-opinion-phrase", "ot-opinions-1", "ot-opinions-2", "ot-opinions-3", "ot-opinions-4" ] }, { "id": "test-opinions-verify", "objectiveId": "obj-opinions", "title": "Opinion Verb Meanings", "mcqIds": [ "ot-opinverify-1", "ot-opinverify-2", "ot-opinverify-3", "ot-opinverify-4", "ot-opinverify-5" ] }, { "id": "test-social-phrases", "objectiveId": "obj-social-phrases", "title": "Social Phrases", "mcqIds": [ "mcq-social-response", "ot-social-1", "ot-social-2", "ot-social-3", "ot-social-4" ] } ], "sources": [ { "label": "SpanishDict: creer (translations include 'to believe' and 'to think')", "url": "https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/creer" } ] } ], "items": [ { "id": "pair-suegro", "tags": [ "older-or-same-gen", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Suegro / Suegra" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Father-in-law / Mother-in-law" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person having a friendly coffee with their spouse's father", "imageSearchTerm": "coffee with father-in-law", "alt": "Coffee with father-in-law", "credit": "Pexels · RDNE Stock project", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/man-in-blue-suit-holding-white-ceramic-mug-7841831/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-suegro.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Suegro / Suegra", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "13filaj66clbx" }, { "id": "pair-cuñado", "tags": [ "older-or-same-gen", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Cuñado / Cuñada" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Brother-in-law / Sister-in-law" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "Two people laughing together at a family dinner", "imageSearchTerm": "laughing family dinner", "alt": "Laughing family dinner", "credit": "Pexels · Anna Shvets", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/man-smiling-happily-11368667/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-cuñado.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Cuñado / Cuñada", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "p189p41g5kpoa" }, { "id": "pair-nuera", "tags": [ "younger-gen", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "La nuera" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The daughter-in-law" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A woman helping her mother-in-law with cooking", "imageSearchTerm": "woman cooking mother-in-law", "alt": "Woman cooking mother-in-law", "credit": "Pexels · Мария", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/woman-cooking-inside-the-house-8653940/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-nuera.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "La nuera", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "63vw3e1j8ohqo" }, { "id": "pair-yerno", "tags": [ "younger-gen", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "El yerno" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The son-in-law" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A man gardening with his father-in-law", "imageSearchTerm": "man gardening father-in-law", "alt": "Man gardening father-in-law", "credit": "Pexels · Gustavo Fring", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/father-and-daughter-gardening-outdoors-4894606/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-yerno.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "El yerno", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1by31yksny9l4" }, { "id": "pair-primo", "tags": [ "older-or-same-gen", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "El primo / La prima" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The cousin" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "Two teenagers playing video games together", "imageSearchTerm": "teens playing games", "alt": "Teens playing games", "credit": "Pexels · cottonbro studio", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/man-in-white-and-red-striped-shirt-standing-beside-woman-in-white-and-black-stripe-shirt-4835471/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-primo.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "El primo / La prima", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "386yxn1xxj49j" }, { "id": "pair-sobrino", "tags": [ "younger-gen", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "El sobrino / La sobrina" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The nephew / The niece" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "An adult playing with a small child in a park", "imageSearchTerm": "adult playing child park", "alt": "Adult playing child park", "credit": "Pexels · RDNE Stock project", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/a-boy-in-gray-jacket-holding-a-kite-7104332/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-sobrino.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "El sobrino / La sobrina", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "jg80lbnxt1vv" }, { "id": "mcq-family-law", "tags": [ "family-people" ], "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "El suegro" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El cuñado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El sobrino" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El yerno" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "A 'cuñado' is a brother-in-law.", "shape": "mcq", "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What is the term for your sister's husband?" }, "speak": { "text": "El cuñado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "12llekrsdoitp" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-suegro", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "older-or-same-gen", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"Suegro / Suegra\" means \"Brother-in-law / Sister-in-law\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Suegro / Suegra actually means Father-in-law / Mother-in-law.", "derivedFrom": "pair-suegro", "speak": { "text": "Suegro / Suegra", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "ui8j1ns6krpp" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-suegro", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "older-or-same-gen", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"Suegro / Suegra\" means \"Father-in-law / Mother-in-law\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Suegro / Suegra means Father-in-law / Mother-in-law.", "derivedFrom": "pair-suegro", "speak": { "text": "Suegro / Suegra", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1v9ulr91kuicjb" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-cuñado", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "older-or-same-gen", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"Cuñado / Cuñada\" means \"Father-in-law / Mother-in-law\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Cuñado / Cuñada actually means Brother-in-law / Sister-in-law.", "derivedFrom": "pair-cuñado", "speak": { "text": "Cuñado / Cuñada", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "u3nmhs1qbg49y" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-nuera", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "younger-gen", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"La nuera\" means \"The son-in-law\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "La nuera actually means The daughter-in-law.", "derivedFrom": "pair-nuera", "speak": { "text": "La nuera", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "vxfnjuox27z" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-suegro", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "person", "tags": [ "person", "family", "in-laws" ], "name": "el suegro", "clues": [ "A Spanish in-law relation expressed in a single word rather than an '-in-law' phrase.", "You gain this relative through marriage — he is on your spouse's side.", "He is your spouse's father, your father-in-law." ], "speak": { "text": "el suegro", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "wuj7no1vure84" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-la-suegra", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "person", "tags": [ "person", "family", "in-laws" ], "name": "la suegra", "clues": [ "A Spanish in-law word, the female counterpart within the same relationship as the father-in-law term.", "You acquire her when you marry into a family.", "She is your spouse's mother, your mother-in-law." ], "speak": { "text": "la suegra", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "7iuopt1gdagd7" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-yerno", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "person", "tags": [ "person", "family", "in-laws" ], "name": "el yerno", "clues": [ "A one-word Spanish in-law term whose feminine equivalent is a completely different word, not a simple vowel swap.", "He entered the family by marrying one of its daughters.", "He's your son-in-law." ], "speak": { "text": "el yerno", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1wl63221bhfrz6" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-la-nuera", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "person", "tags": [ "person", "family", "in-laws" ], "name": "la nuera", "clues": [ "A Spanish in-law word notable for not being the feminine of the matching male term — it is its own separate word.", "She entered the family by marrying one of its sons.", "She's your daughter-in-law." ], "speak": { "text": "la nuera", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "r2wb3y8vy5ie" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-cu-ado", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "person", "tags": [ "person", "family", "in-laws" ], "name": "el cuñado", "clues": [ "A Spanish in-law word for someone in your own generation rather than your spouse's parents.", "When your sister marries, her husband becomes this to you.", "He's your brother-in-law." ], "speak": { "text": "el cuñado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1392aor00s1g" }, { "id": "ot-inlaws-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "in-laws", "family" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which term means 'father-in-law'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "El suegro" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El cuñado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El yerno" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El sobrino" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'El suegro' is the father-in-law; 'la suegra' is the mother-in-law. 'Yerno' is son-in-law and 'cuñado' is brother-in-law.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "El suegro", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1culu8ytmwx2m" }, { "id": "ot-inlaws-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "in-laws", "family" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'La nuera' refers to which family member?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "The sister-in-law" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The mother-in-law" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The daughter-in-law" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The niece" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'La nuera' is the daughter-in-law. Mother-in-law is 'la suegra', sister-in-law 'la cuñada', and niece 'la sobrina'.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "La nuera", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "r97p461vwqm2i" }, { "id": "ot-inlaws-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "in-laws", "family" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Your spouse's brother is your ___." }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "suegro" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "cuñado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "primo" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "yerno" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "A spouse's sibling is a 'cuñado' (brother-in-law). 'Yerno' is son-in-law, 'suegro' father-in-law, and 'primo' cousin.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "cuñado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "mfxgcn1omhcpz" }, { "id": "ot-inlaws-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "in-laws", "family" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which of these does NOT describe an in-law relationship?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "El suegro" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El primo" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "La nuera" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El yerno" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'El primo' is a cousin (a blood relative), not an in-law. Suegro, nuera, and yerno are all in-law terms.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "El primo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "t88sg716rz989" }, { "id": "ot-inlaws-5", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "in-laws", "family" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What is notable about the word 'nuera' among the in-law terms?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "It means both son- and daughter-in-law" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "It is simply the feminine of 'yerno'" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "It is a separate word, not the feminine form of 'yerno'" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "It is only used for cousins" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Nuera' (daughter-in-law) and 'yerno' (son-in-law) are separate words, not masculine/feminine versions of each other.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "nuera", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "9v34a41hbpc8m" }, { "id": "ot-extfam-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "cousins", "family" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'El primo' means:" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "The nephew" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The cousin" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The son-in-law" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The brother-in-law" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'El primo / la prima' is the cousin. Nephew is 'sobrino', son-in-law 'yerno', and brother-in-law 'cuñado'.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "El primo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1ldmvj1msb68h" }, { "id": "ot-extfam-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "nieces-nephews", "family" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which pair correctly matches 'el sobrino / la sobrina'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "The cousin / The cousin" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The son / The daughter" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The grandson / The granddaughter" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The nephew / The niece" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "'El sobrino' is the nephew and 'la sobrina' the niece. Cousins are 'primo/prima', a different word.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "el sobrino / la sobrina", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "149oqgrmzk7r3" }, { "id": "ot-extfam-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "cousins", "family" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "How does everyday Spanish usually refer to a second cousin?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Even casually, 'primo' is reserved for first cousins; a second cousin can't be called 'primo'", "short": "Casually, 'primo' = 1st only" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Always 'primo segundo', never simply 'primo'", "short": "Always 'primo segundo' needed" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Just 'primo', adding 'segundo' only when precision is needed", "short": "'Primo'; 'segundo' if precise" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "A unique single word, unrelated to 'primo'", "short": "A unique word, not 'primo'" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "In everyday speech people often just say 'primo' for a cousin of any degree, adding 'primo segundo' when they need to be precise.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "primo segundo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "34op761vwcsb4" }, { "id": "ot-extfam-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "family", "in-laws" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which term is NOT a blood relative?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "La sobrina" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El sobrino" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "La cuñada" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El primo" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'La cuñada' (sister-in-law) is an in-law, not a blood relative. Primo, sobrina, and sobrino are all blood relatives.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "La cuñada", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "rmv1nwaxhma6" }, { "id": "fact-in-laws-one-word-each", "tags": [ "family-people", "in-laws" ], "title": "A word for every in-law", "body": "No hyphens required. **El suegro** and **la suegra** are your spouse's parents, **el yerno** and **la nuera** are the ones who married in, and **cuñado / cuñada** covers siblings by marriage in both directions — your spouse's brother and your sister's husband are equally **tu cuñado**.", "shape": "fact", "factVariant": "image-heavy", "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A large extended family gathered around an outdoor table for a shared meal.", "imageSearchTerm": "extended family outdoor table", "alt": "Spanish Has a Word for Every In-Law", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · cottonbro studio", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/a-family-sitting-at-the-table-5959750/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-in-laws-one-word-each.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "El suegro", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1yb6tku1xxaef0" }, { "id": "fact-nuera-not-feminine-yerno", "tags": [ "family-people", "in-laws" ], "title": "Nuera isn't yerno's feminine", "body": "Most Spanish in-law pairs just swap a vowel: **suegro / suegra**, **cuñado / cuñada**. The son- and daughter-in-law break the pattern — **el yerno** and **la nuera** are two unrelated words, so there is no shortcut here. You memorize both.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "mismatched puzzle pieces pair", "imagePrompt": "Two puzzle pieces from entirely different sets placed side by side, refusing to interlock, symbolizing two words that do not share a root.", "alt": "Nuera isn't yerno's feminine", "depictable": false, "credit": "Unsplash · Vardan Papikyan · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/a-person-holding-two-pieces-of-a-puzzle-JzE1dHEaAew", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-nuera-not-feminine-yerno.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "la nuera", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "89omogh6jhge" }, { "id": "fact-primos-sobrinos", "tags": [ "family-people", "cousins" ], "title": "Everyone Is Just a Primo", "body": "**El primo / la prima** is a cousin and **el sobrino / la sobrina** a nephew or niece. In casual speech people often just say **primo** for a cousin of any degree, and use **primo segundo** when they need to be precise. Unlike the **cuñados** and **suegros**, these are blood relatives.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "cousins family reunion children", "imagePrompt": "A group of cousins of different ages playing together at a family reunion.", "alt": "Everyone Is Just a Primo", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Ian Taylor", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/joyful-children-playing-in-a-sunny-park-34507618/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-primos-sobrinos.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "El primo / la prima", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "185v8qj1g8k3zt" }, { "id": "fi-mcq-family-law", "tags": [ "family-people" ], "title": "El cuñado", "body": "In Spanish, 'el cuñado' is the term for a brother-in-law — for example, your sister's husband.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "family gathering relatives dinner", "imagePrompt": "An extended family gathered around a dinner table, representing in-law relationships.", "alt": "El cuñado", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · August de Richelieu", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/family-setting-the-table-for-dinner-4262011/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-mcq-family-law.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "El cuñado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1410xk0gbvr6e" }, { "id": "fi-ot-inlaws-2", "tags": [ "in-laws", "family" ], "title": "La nuera", "body": "'La nuera' is the Spanish word for a daughter-in-law, distinct from 'la suegra' (mother-in-law) or 'la cuñada' (sister-in-law).", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "mother daughter-in-law embrace", "imagePrompt": "An older woman warmly embracing her daughter-in-law during a family gathering.", "alt": "La nuera", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Nakajima Benjamin", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/an-elderly-and-a-mature-woman-embracing-and-smiling-16125359/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-inlaws-2.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "La nuera", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1npqyxe14aiqog" }, { "id": "pair-optimista", "tags": [ "character-build", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Optimista" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Optimistic" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person looking at a glass half full with a smile", "imageSearchTerm": "optimistic person smile", "alt": "Optimistic person smile", "credit": "Pexels · Anastasiya Gepp", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/woman-doing-thumbs-up-gesture-1462638/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-optimista.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Optimista", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1oij3bfb696x7" }, { "id": "pair-serio", "tags": [ "character-build", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Serio" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Serious" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person focused intensely on reading a book", "imageSearchTerm": "serious person reading", "alt": "Serious person reading", "credit": "Pexels · Andrea Piacquadio", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/man-in-red-shirt-holding-blue-book-3965243/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-serio.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Serio", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "cqo94y1xerx0y" }, { "id": "pair-delgado", "tags": [ "character-build", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Delgado" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Thin / Slender" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person in athletic wear standing upright", "imageSearchTerm": "slender person athletic", "alt": "Slender person athletic", "credit": "Pexels · Monstera Production", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/slim-ethnic-woman-in-sportswear-standing-with-hand-on-waist-6311315/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-delgado.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Delgado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "8485rj1yp5o8n" }, { "id": "pair-bajo", "tags": [ "stature-hair", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Bajo" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Short (height)" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person reaching up to a high shelf", "imageSearchTerm": "short person reaching", "alt": "Short person reaching", "credit": "Pexels · Murilo Folgosi", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/persons-hand-near-window-4062826/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-bajo.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Bajo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "127mx1kkdcvxg" }, { "id": "pair-rubio", "tags": [ "stature-hair", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Rubio / Rubia" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Blonde" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A close-up of sunlight hitting blonde hair", "imageSearchTerm": "blonde hair sunlight", "alt": "Blonde hair sunlight", "credit": "Pexels · Ami Suhzu", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/woman-wearing-dress-3534040/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-rubio.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Rubio / Rubia", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1a96xfb1mhqjdr" }, { "id": "pair-moreno", "tags": [ "stature-hair", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Moreno / Morena" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Brown-skinned (or dark-haired)" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person with dark brown hair smiling", "imageSearchTerm": "dark hair person", "alt": "Dark hair person", "credit": "Pexels · Özkan Keklik", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/woman-covering-face-with-hair-15165303/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-moreno.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Moreno / Morena", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "lvvbgsakutti" }, { "id": "cloze-ser-character", "tags": [ "family-people" ], "template": "Mi abuela siempre está sonriendo, es muy ___.", "answer": "optimista", "distractors": [ "seria", "baja", "rubia" ], "explanation": "If someone is always smiling, the character trait 'optimista' fits best.", "shape": "cloze", "speak": { "text": "Mi abuela siempre está sonriendo, es muy optimista.", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1bklttl16g9g9v" }, { "id": "fact-aspecto-fisico", "tags": [ "family-people", "culture" ], "title": "Aspecto Físico y Carácter", "body": "Describing people in Spanish generally splits into **aspecto físico** (physical appearance) and **carácter** (personality). A useful rule of thumb: **ser** for lasting traits (*ser alto*) and **estar** for how someone is right now (*estar cansado*).", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "diverse people group portraits", "imagePrompt": "A diverse group of people with varied physical appearances standing together, suited to describing personality and looks.", "alt": "Aspecto Físico y Carácter", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · SHVETS production", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/men-lying-on-the-floor-9775878/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-aspecto-fisico.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Aspecto Físico y Carácter", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "c56way49i3qy" }, { "id": "mcq-rw-p8-describing-people", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "adjectives", "false-friends" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Simpático' is a common false friend when describing someone's personality. What does it actually mean?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Sensitive / emotional" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Simple / uncomplicated" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Friendly / likeable" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Sympathetic / compassionate" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Simpático' means friendly or likeable, not 'sympathetic.' It shares a Latin root with the English word but drifted in meaning — a classic false friend.", "speak": { "text": "Simpático", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "uj2hrua8a8bk" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-optimista", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "character-build", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"Optimista\" means \"Optimistic\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Optimista means Optimistic.", "derivedFrom": "pair-optimista", "speak": { "text": "Optimista", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1gqtsit15yn5m1" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-serio", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "character-build", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"Serio\" means \"Serious\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Serio means Serious.", "derivedFrom": "pair-serio", "speak": { "text": "Serio", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1d0s9l2b8n0le" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-delgado", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "character-build", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"Delgado\" means \"Thin / Slender\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Delgado means Thin / Slender.", "derivedFrom": "pair-delgado", "speak": { "text": "Delgado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1n4uxdt1srhlqt" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-bajo", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "stature-hair", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"Bajo\" means \"Short (height)\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Bajo means Short (height).", "derivedFrom": "pair-bajo", "speak": { "text": "Bajo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "19nuho0ut9r6o" }, { "id": "ot-appear-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "appearance", "height" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which word means 'short' (in height)?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Delgado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Alto" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Gordo" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Bajo" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "'Bajo' means short; 'alto' means tall. 'Delgado' is slender and 'gordo' heavy.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Bajo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "vc26sr1w2osgh" }, { "id": "ot-appear-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "appearance", "build" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Delgado' describes a person's:" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Friendly nature" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Tall height" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Slender build" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Blonde hair" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Delgado' means thin or slender (build). Height is 'alto/bajo', hair color 'rubio', and character 'simpático'.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Delgado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "p9wss3qp86x5" }, { "id": "ot-appear-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "appearance", "hair" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Moreno' typically describes someone who is:" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Brown-skinned" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Slender" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Tall" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Blonde" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Moreno' describes brown or dark skin, and can mean dark-haired too. Blonde is 'rubio', tall 'alto', and slender 'delgado'.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Moreno", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1eberiob7xn0u" }, { "id": "ot-appear-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "appearance", "hair" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which word specifically means 'chestnut-brown hair'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Castaño" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Moreno" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Bajo" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Rubio" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Castaño' specifically means chestnut-brown hair. 'Rubio' is blonde, 'moreno' brown-skinned (or dark-haired), and 'bajo' short.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Castaño", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1rg34ma16oz534" }, { "id": "ot-appear-5", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "appearance", "character" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which of these does NOT describe physical appearance?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Delgado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Optimista" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Rubio" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Alto" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'Optimista' is a personality trait (carácter), not physical appearance. Alto, rubio, and delgado all describe aspecto físico.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Optimista", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1d1liyt20gds" }, { "id": "ot-char-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "ser-estar", "character" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which verb fits a permanent personality trait: 'Mi abuela ___ optimista'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "es" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "tiene" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "hay" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "está" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "Use 'ser' (es) for a lasting trait: 'es optimista'. 'Estar' (está) marks temporary states like being tired.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Mi abuela es optimista", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1a23nr1cx56b1" }, { "id": "ot-char-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "ser-estar", "character" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Mi abuela ___ cansada' (she's tired right now) uses which verb?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "son" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "ser" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "es" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "está" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "A right-now state uses 'estar': 'está cansada'. 'Ser' (es) is reserved for permanent traits.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Mi abuela está cansada", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1cf9bpc16hwixm" }, { "id": "ot-char-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "character", "personality" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Serio' means:" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Optimistic" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Intelligent" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Friendly" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Serious" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "'Serio' means serious. Friendly is 'simpático', optimistic 'optimista', and intelligent 'inteligente'.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Serio", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "7lx7dm1s1xfj0" }, { "id": "ot-char-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "character", "appearance" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which of these words is NOT a personality (carácter) trait?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Serio" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Simpático" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Optimista" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Delgado" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "'Delgado' (slender) describes aspecto físico, not carácter. Optimista, serio, and simpático are all personality traits.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Delgado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1xkc1ahym4cdj" }, { "id": "fact-aspecto-fisico-pairs", "tags": [ "family-people", "appearance", "stature-hair" ], "title": "Physical Description Comes in Pairs", "body": "Height and build run as opposites: **alto / bajo** (*tall / short*), **delgado / gordo** (*slender / heavy* — the second used neutrally, but with care). Three common color words: **rubio** for blonde hair, **moreno** for brown or dark skin (it can mean dark-haired too), and **castaño** specifically for chestnut-brown hair.", "shape": "fact", "factVariant": "image-heavy", "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A row of portrait photos showing people with different hair colors and builds, from blonde to dark to chestnut brown.", "imageSearchTerm": "diverse portraits hair color", "alt": "Physical Description Comes in Pairs", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Polina Tankilevitch", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/group-of-friends-smiling-at-the-camera-6988522/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-aspecto-fisico-pairs.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "alto / bajo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1fn1g0h7sdo5" }, { "id": "fact-simpatico-false-friend", "tags": [ "family-people", "character-build", "false-friends" ], "title": "Simpático Is Not Sympathetic", "body": "Personality words mostly land where a Latin-root guess puts them: **optimista**, **serio**, **inteligente**. Then **simpático** breaks the streak — it means *friendly* or *likeable*, not *sympathetic*. It praises someone's charm, not their compassion.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "friendly smiling person laughing", "imagePrompt": "A warm, friendly person smiling and laughing with others in a relaxed social moment.", "alt": "Simpático Is Not Sympathetic", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Gabriel Frank", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/portrait-of-laughing-woman-15088458/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-simpatico-false-friend.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Simpático", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "17amuquzovsgg" }, { "id": "fi-ot-appear-4", "tags": [ "appearance", "hair" ], "title": "Castaño", "body": "'Castaño' specifically means chestnut-brown hair in Spanish, distinct from 'rubio' (blonde) and 'moreno' (brown-skinned or dark-haired).", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "chestnut brown hair close-up", "imagePrompt": "A close-up of a person's wavy chestnut-brown hair in natural light.", "alt": "Castaño", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Henrikas Mackevicius", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/close-up-shot-of-a-thick-hair-4076442/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-appear-4.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Castaño", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "dk0r3uekj3bc" }, { "id": "fi-ot-appear-2", "tags": [ "appearance", "build" ], "title": "Delgado", "body": "'Delgado' means thin or slender when describing someone's build in Spanish, distinct from words for height like 'alto' and 'bajo.'", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "slender person silhouette portrait", "imagePrompt": "A full-length portrait of a slender person standing in natural light.", "alt": "Delgado", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Dipak Rathwa", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/silhouette-of-anonymous-man-with-stick-near-white-wall-4151816/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-appear-2.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Delgado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1xezaxpd8jubl" }, { "id": "pair-casado", "tags": [ "marital-status", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Casado / Casada" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Married" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A pair of gold wedding rings on a table", "imageSearchTerm": "wedding rings gold", "alt": "Wedding rings gold", "credit": "Pexels · Jairus Abiasen", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/golden-wedding-rings-on-holy-bible-cover-37488823/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-casado.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Casado / Casada", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1q51yg51nxykk7" }, { "id": "pair-soltero", "tags": [ "marital-status", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Soltero / Soltera" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Single" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person enjoying a quiet coffee alone in a cafe", "imageSearchTerm": "person alone cafe", "alt": "Person alone cafe", "credit": "Pexels · Jean Balzan", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/person-in-green-long-sleeved-top-sitting-on-chair-white-holding-white-ceramic-mug-676302/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-soltero.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Soltero / Soltera", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "18bhekjjacjpf" }, { "id": "pair-divorciado", "tags": [ "marital-status", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Divorciado / Divorciada" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Divorced" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "Legal papers with a pen resting on them", "imageSearchTerm": "legal papers pen", "alt": "Legal papers pen", "credit": "Pexels · RDNE Stock project", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/martial-dissolution-agreement-document-7841838/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-divorciado.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Divorciado / Divorciada", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1yq7qy311b2iov" }, { "id": "pair-novio", "tags": [ "social-bond", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Novio / Novia" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Boyfriend / Girlfriend" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A couple holding hands while walking", "imageSearchTerm": "couple holding hands", "alt": "Couple holding hands", "credit": "Pexels · Alex Green", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/crop-unrecognizable-black-couple-holding-hands-on-bed-5700177/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-novio.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Novio / Novia", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1rstu9019liabm" }, { "id": "pair-amigo", "tags": [ "social-bond", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Amigo / Amiga" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Friend" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "Two friends high-fiving each other", "imageSearchTerm": "friends high five", "alt": "Friends high five", "credit": "Pexels · RDNE Stock project", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/men-doing-high-five-7464220/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-amigo.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Amigo / Amiga", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "wo5murhel0vv" }, { "id": "pair-conocido", "tags": [ "social-bond", "family-people" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "El conocido" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The acquaintance" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "People waving politely as they pass on the street", "imageSearchTerm": "people waving passing", "alt": "People waving passing", "credit": "Pexels · 女子 正真", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/silhouettes-against-an-illuminated-wall-35210856/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-conocido.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "El conocido", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "ckcg2j76md8r" }, { "id": "mcq-status", "tags": [ "family-people" ], "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Novio/a" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Suegro/a" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Soltero/a" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Casado/a" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Novio/a' is a boyfriend or girlfriend, a romantic partner. 'Soltero/a' (single) and 'casado/a' (married) are marital statuses, and 'suegro/a' is a father- or mother-in-law.", "shape": "mcq", "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which word names a romantic partner rather than a marital status?" }, "speak": { "text": "Novio", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "m6dawh1xenoj3" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-casado", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "marital-status", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"Casado / Casada\" means \"The son-in-law\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Casado / Casada actually means Married.", "derivedFrom": "pair-casado", "speak": { "text": "Casado / Casada", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "zv72701mrfakk" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-soltero", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "marital-status", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"Soltero / Soltera\" means \"Single\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Soltero / Soltera means Single.", "derivedFrom": "pair-soltero", "speak": { "text": "Soltero / Soltera", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1x9gutpjnjiqh" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-divorciado", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "marital-status", "family-people" ], "statement": "\"Divorciado / Divorciada\" means \"Divorced\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Divorciado / Divorciada means Divorced.", "derivedFrom": "pair-divorciado", "speak": { "text": "Divorciado / Divorciada", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "xcyd99k9nw4h" }, { "id": "ot-rel-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "marital-status", "relationships" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which word means 'married'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Soltero" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Divorciado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Casado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Viudo" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Casado/casada' means married. 'Soltero' is single, 'viudo' widowed, and 'divorciado' divorced.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Casado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1flk98ec9aed6" }, { "id": "ot-rel-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "social-bond", "relationships" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'El conocido' refers to:" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "An acquaintance" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "A spouse" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "A close friend" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "A boyfriend" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'El conocido' (literally 'the known person') is an acquaintance. A friend is 'amigo' and a boyfriend 'novio'.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "El conocido", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1tjcrxjg56hqn" }, { "id": "ot-rel-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "marital-status", "relationships" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which term means 'widowed'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Soltero" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Casado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Viudo" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Novio" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Viudo/viuda' means widowed. 'Soltero' is single, 'casado' married, and 'novio' boyfriend.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Viudo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1bk4k2q1772rco" }, { "id": "ot-rel-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "social-bond", "relationships" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which word describes a friendship bond rather than a marital status?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Soltero" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Amigo" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Divorciado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Casado" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'Amigo' is a friend (a social bond). Soltero, casado, and divorciado are all marital statuses.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Amigo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "yr730f1axzbtf" }, { "id": "fact-marital-status-four", "tags": [ "family-people", "marital-status" ], "title": "Four Marital Statuses, One Vowel Swap", "body": "**Soltero** (*single*), **casado** (*married*), **divorciado** (*divorced*), **viudo** (*widowed*) — each swaps its **-o** for an **-a** when the person is a woman, so English's two separate nouns *widower* and *widow* are simply **viudo** and **viuda**.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "wedding rings marriage symbol", "imagePrompt": "A pair of wedding rings resting together on a table, symbolizing marital status.", "alt": "Four Marital Statuses, One Vowel Swap", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Jairus Abiasen", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/golden-wedding-rings-on-holy-bible-cover-37488823/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-marital-status-four.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Soltero", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "ih9o3654lqy0" }, { "id": "fact-novio-groom", "tags": [ "family-people", "social-bond", "relationships" ], "title": "Novio, from dating to altar", "body": "**Novio / novia** stretches from a serious dating partner to the person standing at the altar, and context decides which. **Tiene novio** means *she has a boyfriend*; on a wedding day, **el novio** is *the groom*. Once a ring is involved, the word is **comprometido** (*engaged*).", "shape": "fact", "factVariant": "image-heavy", "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A bride and groom standing together at a wedding altar.", "imageSearchTerm": "Spanish wedding bride groom", "alt": "Novio Covers the Whole Distance to the Altar", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · amine photographe", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/a-man-and-woman-are-holding-hands-and-wearing-wedding-rings-27650381/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-novio-groom.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Novio / novia", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1voyfv5oj27x9" }, { "id": "fact-amigo-weight", "tags": [ "family-people", "social-bond", "relationships" ], "title": "Conocido and Amigo", "body": "**El conocido** is literally *the known person* — an acquaintance, someone whose name you happen to have. **El amigo / la amiga** is a friend, a step closer than a **conocido**.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "close friends laughing together", "imagePrompt": "Two close friends laughing and embracing warmly, representing a deep bond of friendship.", "alt": "Conocido and Amigo", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Antonius Ferret", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/three-laughing-women-5254676/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-amigo-weight.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Amigo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "16j12pw2ma9g2" }, { "id": "fi-ot-rel-2", "tags": [ "social-bond", "relationships" ], "title": "El conocido", "body": "'El conocido' — literally 'the known person' — refers to an acquaintance in Spanish, a step below 'amigo' (friend) or 'novio' (boyfriend).", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "casual acquaintance greeting nod", "imagePrompt": "Two people exchanging a polite, casual nod and smile in passing, like acquaintances rather than close friends.", "alt": "El conocido", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Anna Pou", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/person-wearing-long-sleeves-doing-handshake-8133319/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-rel-2.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "El conocido", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1svjn5713spfjj" }, { "id": "fi-ot-rel-4", "tags": [ "social-bond", "relationships" ], "title": "Amigo", "body": "'Amigo' describes a friendship bond in Spanish, unlike 'soltero,' 'casado,' and 'divorciado,' which all describe marital status.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "friends laughing together outdoors", "imagePrompt": "A group of friends laughing together outdoors.", "alt": "Amigo", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Andrea Piacquadio", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/photo-of-women-laughing-while-sitting-near-water-fountain-3768884/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-rel-4.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Amigo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1ej2g5mcuwe2k" }, { "id": "pair-despertarse", "tags": [ "morning-dress", "routine" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Despertarse" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To wake up" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person opening their eyes as sunlight enters a room", "imageSearchTerm": "wake up sunlight", "alt": "Wake up sunlight" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Despertarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "5ih80cfs1sti" }, { "id": "pair-levantarse", "tags": [ "morning-dress", "routine" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Levantarse" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To get up" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person getting out of bed in the morning", "imageSearchTerm": "getting out of bed", "alt": "Getting out of bed", "credit": "Unsplash · Diego Lozano · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/person-in-black-shorts-lying-on-bed-QGHNk7eis0k", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-levantarse.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Levantarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "cs1zn73wltl7" }, { "id": "pair-ducharse", "tags": [ "hygiene-night", "routine" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Bañarse" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To shower" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A shower head with steam and water running", "imageSearchTerm": "shower head steam", "alt": "Shower head steam", "credit": "Unsplash · Caleb Wright · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/a-close-up-of-a-shower-head-in-a-bathroom-LwN3p1vkVG4", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-ducharse.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Bañarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1l4lho4b9adrc" }, { "id": "fact-banarse-regional", "tags": [ "routine", "hygiene-night", "regional" ], "title": "Bañarse: Mexico's Shower Verb", "body": "**Bañarse** is the everyday Mexican verb for taking a shower: *Me baño.* **Ducharse** means the same and is just as correct in Mexico. In Spain the shower verb is *ducharse*, and *bañarse* suggests a soak in a tub. Many other countries in the Americas use *bañarse* for a shower too.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A bright home bathroom with a tiled shower stall next to a bathtub, towels on a rail.", "imageSearchTerm": "bathroom shower and bathtub", "alt": "A home bathroom with a shower and a bathtub", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Curtis Adams · Pexels License", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/photo-of-a-bathroom-with-bathtub-and-a-shower-4469187/", "subject": "A home bathroom with a large built-in whirlpool bathtub on the left and a glass-enclosed tiled walk-in shower on the right, with a rain head and handheld fixtures. A window with sheer curtains and a towel on a rack complete the room. No text, logos or people.", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-people-life/images/fact-banarse-regional.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Bañarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1jh4196eb7sra" }, { "id": "pair-vestirse", "tags": [ "morning-dress", "routine" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Vestirse" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To get dressed" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person putting on a sweater in front of a mirror", "imageSearchTerm": "dressing mirror sweater", "alt": "Dressing mirror sweater", "credit": "Unsplash · Ladislav Bona · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/womens-white-sweater-uaELjX3j6lg", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-vestirse.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Vestirse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1qlm64y1h13x7i" }, { "id": "pair-acostarse", "tags": [ "hygiene-night", "routine" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Acostarse" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To go to bed / lie down" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person lying down on a soft mattress", "imageSearchTerm": "lying down bed", "alt": "Lying down bed", "credit": "Unsplash · iam_os · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/a-person-lying-in-a-bed-tgMKcE-Qo5o", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-acostarse.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Acostarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1gmi02l7dodbr" }, { "id": "pair-cepillarse", "tags": [ "hygiene-night", "routine" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Cepillarse (los dientes)" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To brush (teeth)" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A toothbrush with toothpaste on it", "imageSearchTerm": "toothbrush toothpaste", "alt": "Toothbrush toothpaste", "credit": "JeepersMedia (Openverse) · by 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/39160147@N03/19095732968", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-cepillarse.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Cepillarse los dientes", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1cjay2ttsdkr3" }, { "id": "cloze-reflexive-morning", "tags": [ "routine" ], "template": "Yo me ___ de la cama a las siete cada mañana.", "answer": "levanto", "distractors": [ "acuesto", "visto", "baño" ], "explanation": "'De la cama' (out of bed) points to 'levantarse' (to get up): you get up OUT of bed. 'Acostarse' means the opposite (to lie down/go to bed), while 'vestirse' (get dressed) and 'bañarse' (shower) don't pair with 'de la cama'.", "shape": "cloze", "speak": { "text": "Yo me levanto de la cama a las siete cada mañana.", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "of5dl9dr74kn" }, { "id": "fact-reflexive-structure", "tags": [ "routine", "grammar" ], "title": "Conjugating Reflexives", "body": "Reflexive verbs end in **-se** in the infinitive (*bañarse*). When conjugated, the structure is: **(SUBJECT PRONOUN) + REFLEXIVE PRONOUN + VERB**. The subject pronoun is optional and usually dropped. Example: *(Yo) me baño*.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "person mirror reflection image", "imagePrompt": "A person looking at their own reflection in a mirror, symbolizing an action that reflects back onto the one who performs it.", "alt": "Conjugating Reflexives", "depictable": false, "credit": "Unsplash · Михаил Секацкий · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/person-in-black-long-sleeve-shirt-OwR9cyMNe4c", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-reflexive-structure.webp" }, "curatedDistractors": [ "DIRECT OBJECT", "DEFINITE ARTICLE", "AUXILIARY VERB" ], "speak": { "text": "Yo me baño", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "147zk4m1ot526a" }, { "id": "cz-spanish-vocabulary-fact-reflexive-structure", "shape": "cloze", "tags": [ "routine", "grammar" ], "template": "Reflexive verbs end in **-se** in the infinitive (*bañarse*). When conjugated, the structure is: **(___) + REFLEXIVE PRONOUN + VERB**. The first part is optional and usually dropped, as in *Me baño*.", "answer": "SUBJECT PRONOUN", "distractors": [ "DIRECT OBJECT", "DEFINITE ARTICLE", "AUXILIARY VERB" ], "derivedFrom": "fact-reflexive-structure", "speak": { "text": "Me baño", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1yvzlsl1a0p9rf" }, { "id": "mcq-c-spanish-vocabulary-fact-reflexive-structure", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "routine", "grammar" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Reflexive verbs end in **-se** in the infinitive (*bañarse*). When conjugated, the structure is: **(___) + REFLEXIVE PRONOUN + VERB**. The first part is optional and usually dropped, as in *Me baño*." }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "SUBJECT PRONOUN" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "DEFINITE ARTICLE" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "AUXILIARY VERB" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "DIRECT OBJECT" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "derivedFrom": "fact-reflexive-structure", "speak": { "text": "Me baño", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1emlf5sin9bn8" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-despertarse", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "morning-dress", "routine" ], "statement": "\"Despertarse\" means \"To wake up\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Despertarse means To wake up.", "derivedFrom": "pair-despertarse", "speak": { "text": "Despertarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1mayn4s8i295a" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-levantarse", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "morning-dress", "routine" ], "statement": "\"Levantarse\" means \"To get dressed\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Levantarse actually means To get up.", "derivedFrom": "pair-levantarse", "speak": { "text": "Levantarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1fk7o8nbt6uf3" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-levantarse", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "morning-dress", "routine" ], "statement": "\"Levantarse\" means \"To get up\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Levantarse means To get up.", "derivedFrom": "pair-levantarse", "speak": { "text": "Levantarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "6ep28h14xodox" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-ducharse", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "hygiene-night", "routine" ], "statement": "\"Bañarse\" means \"To get dressed\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Bañarse actually means To shower.", "derivedFrom": "pair-ducharse", "speak": { "text": "Bañarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1jtfmlvuq9nu1" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-ducharse", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "hygiene-night", "routine" ], "statement": "\"Bañarse\" means \"To shower\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Bañarse means To shower.", "derivedFrom": "pair-ducharse", "speak": { "text": "Bañarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "uokpzkzmkxss" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-vestirse", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "morning-dress", "routine" ], "statement": "\"Vestirse\" means \"To get up\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Vestirse actually means To get dressed.", "derivedFrom": "pair-vestirse", "speak": { "text": "Vestirse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "qvxocmuac1d2" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-acostarse", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "hygiene-night", "routine" ], "statement": "\"Acostarse\" means \"To shower\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Acostarse actually means To go to bed / lie down.", "derivedFrom": "pair-acostarse", "speak": { "text": "Acostarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1w93u5xr8ktg9" }, { "id": "ot-routine-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "routine" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What does the reflexive verb 'despertarse' mean?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "To shower" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To go to bed" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To wake up" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To get up" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Despertarse' means to wake up. 'Levantarse' is to get up, 'bañarse' is to shower, 'acostarse' is to go to bed.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "despertarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "14wqbcf2ybj3" }, { "id": "ot-routine-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "routine" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which reflexive verb means 'to shower'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Vestirse" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Cepillarse" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Levantarse" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Bañarse" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "'Bañarse' is to shower. 'Vestirse' is to get dressed, 'levantarse' to get up, 'cepillarse' to brush.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Bañarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1xhynso19bpm4a" }, { "id": "ot-routine-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "concept" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Levantar' means 'to lift something'. What does the reflexive 'levantarse' mean?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "To get up out of bed" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To lift someone else up" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To lift weights at the gym" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To wake up from a dream" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "Adding -se loops the action back on the doer: 'levantarse' means to lift yourself up, i.e. to get up.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "levantarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "dw39wk1sqsb06" }, { "id": "ot-routine-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "routine" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "To say you brush your teeth, which verb do you use?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Cepillarse" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Despertarse" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Bañarse" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Vestirse" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Cepillarse los dientes' is to brush one's teeth. The others mean shower, get dressed, and wake up.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "cepillarse los dientes", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "7uhd5o1erp0f0" }, { "id": "ot-routine-5", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "routine" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which pair correctly matches the reflexive verb to its meaning?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Acostarse — to go to bed" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Levantarse — to shower" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Bañarse — to get dressed" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Vestirse — to wake up" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Acostarse' means to go to bed. Vestirse is get dressed, levantarse is get up, bañarse is shower.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Acostarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1c1zxzduiecxl" }, { "id": "ot-structure-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "structure" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "In the sentence 'Yo me baño', which word is the reflexive pronoun?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "lo" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "me" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "baño" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "yo" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'Me' is the reflexive pronoun. 'Yo' is the subject pronoun and 'baño' is the conjugated verb.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Yo me baño", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "18gi54vcx5ly3" }, { "id": "ot-structure-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "pronoun" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Complete: 'Yo ___ levanto a las siete cada mañana.'" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "nos" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "se" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "me" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "te" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "The reflexive pronoun for 'yo' is 'me'. 'Te' goes with tú, 'se' with él/ella, 'nos' with nosotros.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Yo me levanto a las siete cada mañana.", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "vkuyj7dklwzz" }, { "id": "ot-structure-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "pronoun" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Complete: 'Ella ___ acuesta tarde todos los días.'" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "me" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "nos" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "te" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "se" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "The reflexive pronoun for él/ella is 'se', e.g. 'Ella se acuesta'. 'Me' goes with yo, 'te' with tú, 'nos' with nosotros.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Ella se acuesta tarde todos los días.", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "48sslq5iw4ri" }, { "id": "ot-structure-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "pronoun" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Complete: 'Tú ___ despiertas temprano.'" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "nos" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "me" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "se" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "te" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "The reflexive pronoun for 'tú' is 'te'. 'Me' goes with yo, 'se' with él/ella, 'nos' with nosotros.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Tú te despiertas temprano.", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "3uazlc13olsdm" }, { "id": "fact-despertarse-vs-levantarse", "tags": [ "routine", "morning-dress", "reflexive" ], "title": "Despertarse Is Not Levantarse", "body": "Spanish splits the morning in two. **Despertarse** is opening your eyes; **levantarse** is getting your body out of bed. *Me despierto a las seis, pero me levanto a las siete.* The logic is in the non-reflexive verb: *levantar* means to lift something, so **levantarse** is lifting yourself.", "shape": "fact", "factVariant": "image-heavy", "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "An alarm clock on a bedside table beside a person just waking up in bed.", "imageSearchTerm": "alarm clock bedside morning", "alt": "Despertarse Is Not Levantarse", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Ron Lach", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/books-bed-stack-standing-9615255/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-despertarse-vs-levantarse.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Me despierto a las seis, pero me levanto a las siete.", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "17iuvfn17ugd09" }, { "id": "fact-reflexive-pronoun-ladder", "tags": [ "routine", "grammar", "reflexive" ], "title": "Me, Te, Se", "body": "The reflexive pronoun sits immediately before the conjugated verb and shifts with who is doing it — **me, te, se, nos, se**. *Yo me baño. Tú te despiertas. Ella se acuesta.* Drop the pronoun and the action points outward instead: *baño a mi hijo* means you are bathing **someone else**.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "matching puzzle pieces row", "imagePrompt": "A row of matching puzzle pieces in graduated sizes fitting together, suggesting a pattern that adjusts to whoever it belongs to.", "alt": "Me, Te, Se", "depictable": false, "credit": "TinyApartmentCrafts (Openverse) · by 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/7573128@N06/5565279691", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-reflexive-pronoun-ladder.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Yo me baño. Tú te despiertas. Ella se acuesta.", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "adn0mrppjzrp" }, { "id": "fi-ot-routine-2", "tags": [ "reflexive", "routine" ], "title": "Bañarse", "body": "'Bañarse' means to shower, one of a family of reflexive daily-routine verbs that also includes 'vestirse' (to get dressed), 'levantarse' (to get up), and 'cepillarse' (to brush).", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "person showering bathroom", "imagePrompt": "A bathroom shower with water running, suggesting someone taking a shower.", "alt": "Bañarse", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · https://kaboompics.com/", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/woman-rinsing-her-hair-5241048/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-routine-2.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Bañarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "55p6zb7u2y1f" }, { "id": "fi-ot-routine-4", "tags": [ "reflexive", "routine" ], "title": "Cepillarse los Dientes", "body": "To say you brush your teeth in Spanish, use the reflexive phrase 'cepillarse los dientes.' The related routine verbs cover showering, getting dressed, and waking up.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "brushing teeth toothbrush", "imagePrompt": "A person brushing their teeth with a toothbrush in front of a bathroom mirror.", "alt": "Cepillarse los Dientes", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Anna Shvets", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/selection-of-toothbrushes-4045552/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-routine-4.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "cepillarse los dientes", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1iqmla61vxv2fc" }, { "id": "pair-ingeniero", "tags": [ "professional", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Ingeniero / Ingeniera" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Engineer" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person wearing a hard hat looking at technical plans", "imageSearchTerm": "engineer hard hat plans", "alt": "Engineer hard hat plans", "credit": "Unsplash · Fiqih Alfarish · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/two-women-in-hard-hats-review-blueprints-indoors-c7iL-YvyAyU", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-ingeniero.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Ingeniero", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1i3w45ejemhfo" }, { "id": "pair-maestro", "tags": [ "service-teaching", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Maestro / Maestra" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Teacher" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A teacher pointing at a blackboard in a classroom", "imageSearchTerm": "teacher blackboard classroom", "alt": "Teacher blackboard classroom", "credit": "Rob Shenk (Openverse) · by-sa 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/50115004@N00/5045429816", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-maestro.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Maestro", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1ohr16jr41ew9" }, { "id": "pair-abogado", "tags": [ "professional", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Abogado / Abogada" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Lawyer" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person in a suit holding a law book", "imageSearchTerm": "lawyer suit book", "alt": "Lawyer suit book", "credit": "Pexels · Mikhail Nilov · Pexels License", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/people-having-a-deal-in-the-office-8730275/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-abogado.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Abogado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "ttd3gb1s2svoj" }, { "id": "pair-medico-prof", "tags": [ "professional", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Médico" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Doctor" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A doctor in a white coat with a stethoscope", "imageSearchTerm": "doctor white coat", "alt": "Doctor white coat", "credit": "Waldo Jaquith (Openverse) · by-sa 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/72362970@N00/97187153", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-medico-prof.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Médico", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "9by0i05x1p5c" }, { "id": "pair-camarero-prof", "tags": [ "service-teaching", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Mesero / Mesera" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Waiter / Server" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A server carrying a plate of food in a busy restaurant", "imageSearchTerm": "server food plate", "alt": "Server food plate" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Mesero", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "bl1u2712mfagp" }, { "id": "pair-estudiante", "tags": [ "service-teaching", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Estudiante" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Student" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A student studying with a laptop and coffee", "imageSearchTerm": "student laptop coffee", "alt": "Student laptop coffee", "credit": "n_sapiens (Openverse) · by-sa 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/27505428@N06/10102090525", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-estudiante.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Estudiante", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "4bdav1q10tkx" }, { "id": "mcq-job-place", "tags": [ "work" ], "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "En un hospital" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "En una escuela" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "En un restaurante" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "En una oficina" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "A teacher (maestro) works in a school (escuela).", "shape": "mcq", "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Where does a 'maestro' usually work?" }, "speak": { "text": "En una escuela", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1m5l881191xc93" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-ingeniero", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "professional", "work" ], "statement": "\"Ingeniero / Ingeniera\" means \"Engineer\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Ingeniero / Ingeniera means Engineer.", "derivedFrom": "pair-ingeniero", "speak": { "text": "Ingeniero", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "rktza210zyt5s" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-maestro", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "service-teaching", "work" ], "statement": "\"Maestro / Maestra\" means \"Waiter / Server\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Maestro / Maestra actually means Teacher.", "derivedFrom": "pair-maestro", "speak": { "text": "Maestro", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "2y8rks1e2i77u" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-abogado", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "professional", "work" ], "statement": "\"Abogado / Abogada\" means \"The computer\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Abogado / Abogada actually means Lawyer.", "derivedFrom": "pair-abogado", "speak": { "text": "Abogado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "17h4pzkzalejg" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-ingeniero", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "person", "tags": [ "person", "professions", "work" ], "name": "el ingeniero", "clues": [ "A profession whose title changes ending for gender: -o for a man, -a for a woman.", "This person designs and builds things like bridges, machines, or software.", "The Spanish word for an engineer." ], "speak": { "text": "el ingeniero", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "18tun4fm0bwnf" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-maestro", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "person", "tags": [ "person", "professions", "work" ], "name": "el maestro", "clues": [ "A profession that inflects for gender, taking an -o or an -a ending.", "This person teaches children in a school classroom.", "The Spanish word for a schoolteacher." ], "speak": { "text": "el maestro", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1otsnmm1sary3w" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-abogado", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "person", "tags": [ "person", "professions", "work" ], "name": "el abogado", "clues": [ "A gendered profession title ending in -o or -a.", "This person represents clients and argues cases in matters of law.", "The Spanish word for a lawyer." ], "speak": { "text": "el abogado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "19th0ir1lq15i9" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-camarero", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "person", "tags": [ "person", "professions", "work" ], "name": "el mesero", "clues": [ "A gender-inflected job title from the professions vocabulary.", "This person takes your order and brings your food in a restaurant.", "The Spanish word for a waiter or server." ], "speak": { "text": "el mesero", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "wrsramp79dq8" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-el-m-dico", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "person", "tags": [ "person", "professions", "health" ], "name": "el médico", "clues": [ "A profession that still leans masculine as a default, though the -a form is now standard for a woman.", "This person examines patients, diagnoses illness, and writes the prescription (receta) you take to the pharmacy.", "The Spanish word for a doctor or physician." ], "speak": { "text": "el médico", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "5gk9mlicp8j7" }, { "id": "ot-prof-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "professions", "gender" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "How do you say 'engineer' referring to a woman?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Abogada" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Ingeniera" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Maestra" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Ingeniero" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "Job titles inflect for gender: the female engineer is 'ingeniera'; 'ingeniero' is the male form.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Ingeniera", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "okt9do1qduxts" }, { "id": "ot-prof-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "professions" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which profession means 'lawyer'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Abogado / Abogada" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Mesero / Mesera" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Ingeniero / Ingeniera" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Maestro / Maestra" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Abogado/Abogada' is lawyer. Maestro is teacher, mesero is server, ingeniero is engineer.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Abogado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "14eamrs73y2e2" }, { "id": "ot-prof-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "professions", "gender" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which job title is invariant — the same word for either gender?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Estudiante" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Mesero" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Abogado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Maestro" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Estudiante' does not change form for gender. The others have distinct masculine/feminine endings.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Estudiante", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "ppndec12932h4" }, { "id": "ot-prof-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "professions", "gender" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What is the feminine form of 'maestro' (teacher)?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Maestro" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Maestra" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Maese" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Maestría" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'Maestra' is the female teacher. 'Maestría' means a master's degree; 'maese' is archaic.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Maestra", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "86byaurotov4" }, { "id": "ot-prof-5", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "professions", "gender" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What is the standard word for a female doctor?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Médico" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Enfermera" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Médica" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Maestra" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Médica' is standard for a female doctor. 'Médico' leans masculine, 'medicina' is medicine, 'enfermera' is nurse.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Médica", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "19tgfha10nk7y4" }, { "id": "ot-profctx-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "professions", "context" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Where does a 'mesero' typically work?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "En una oficina" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "En una escuela" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "En un hospital" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "En un restaurante" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "A mesero (server) works in a restaurant. A hospital suits a médico, a school a maestro.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "En un restaurante", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "qdapjh17vs3a5" }, { "id": "ot-profctx-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "professions", "context" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Where does a 'médico' usually work?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "En un hospital" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "En una escuela" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "En un aula" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "En un restaurante" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "A médico (doctor) works in a hospital. A school/classroom suits a maestro, a restaurant a mesero.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "En un hospital", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "14bpr9v1wtg1ir" }, { "id": "ot-profctx-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "professions", "context" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Trabajo en un tribunal y defiendo a mis clientes.' Which profession is this?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Abogado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Mesero" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Ingeniero" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Médico" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "Defending clients in a court (tribunal) describes an abogado (lawyer), not a doctor or engineer.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Trabajo en un tribunal y defiendo a mis clientes.", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "wvwgrz190axd5" }, { "id": "ot-profctx-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "professions", "context" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Sirvo comida y bebidas a los clientes.' Which profession is this?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Abogado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Mesero" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Ingeniero" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Médico" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "Serving food and drinks to customers describes a mesero (server), not a lawyer, engineer, or doctor.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Sirvo comida y bebidas a los clientes.", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "czs2fnd28trz" }, { "id": "fact-job-titles-gender-endings", "tags": [ "professions", "gender", "work" ], "title": "The One That Won't Swap", "body": "Most of these professions trade **-o** for **-a**: *ingeniero → ingeniera*, *maestro → maestra*, *abogado → abogada*, *mesero → mesera*. **Médico** still leans masculine as the default label, but **médica** is standard for a woman. **Estudiante** is the holdout among them — one form, either gender, no ending to change.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "diverse professionals group portrait", "imagePrompt": "A diverse group of professionals in work attire, including an engineer, a teacher, and a lawyer, standing together.", "alt": "The One That Won't Swap", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Alena Shekhovtcova", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/women-standing-and-posing-8067875/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-job-titles-gender-endings.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Estudiante", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "45egd040x6c6" }, { "id": "fact-profession-by-workplace", "tags": [ "professions", "context", "work" ], "title": "Name the Room", "body": "You can describe work without naming the profession. **El maestro** trabaja *en una escuela*, **el médico** *en un hospital*, **el mesero** *en un restaurante*, and **el abogado** *en un tribunal* (*a court*). *Trabajo en un tribunal y defiendo a mis clientes* gives the lawyer away in one line.", "shape": "fact", "factVariant": "image-heavy", "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A lawyer in a courtroom addressing the judge, representing a client at trial.", "imageSearchTerm": "courtroom lawyer trial scene", "alt": "Name the Room and You Have Named the Job", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · KATRIN BOLOVTSOVA", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/judge-signing-on-the-papers-6077447/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-profession-by-workplace.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "El maestro trabaja en una escuela", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "b4w80ag9tfry" }, { "id": "fact-estar-en-el-paro", "tags": [ "work", "professions", "regional" ], "title": "El Desempleo: Latin America's Word for Unemployment", "body": "Latin America generally says **el desempleo** for unemployment. Spain uses *desempleo* too, but everyday Spanish and the news lean on **el paro**: *estar en el paro* means to be out of work — literally *to be in the stoppage*. **La tasa de paro** (*the unemployment rate*) is a staple of Spain's economic news.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "unemployment office job center", "imagePrompt": "A line of people waiting outside an unemployment or job center office.", "alt": "El Desempleo: Latin America's Word for Unemployment", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · AI25.Studio AI GENERATIVE", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/text-fired-on-cardboard-8279214/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-estar-en-el-paro.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "el desempleo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "178rodb1w7wqef" }, { "id": "fi-ot-prof-5", "tags": [ "professions", "gender" ], "title": "Médica", "body": "The standard Spanish word for a female doctor is 'médica.' 'Médico' leans masculine, 'medicina' means medicine, and 'enfermera' means nurse.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "female doctor stethoscope", "imagePrompt": "A woman doctor in a white coat holding a stethoscope.", "alt": "Médica", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Mix and Match Studio", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/woman-wearing-a-lab-coat-using-a-stethoscope-4227109/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-prof-5.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Médica", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1wd1h1hgotle7" }, { "id": "fi-ot-prof-2", "tags": [ "professions" ], "title": "Abogado or Abogada", "body": "'Abogado' (or 'abogada' for a woman) means lawyer, distinct from 'maestro' (teacher), 'mesero' (server), and 'ingeniero' (engineer) — other common profession words.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "lawyer with briefcase courtroom", "imagePrompt": "A lawyer in a suit carrying a briefcase outside a courthouse.", "alt": "Abogado or Abogada", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · khezez | خزاز", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/professional-woman-speaking-in-courtroom-34817106/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-prof-2.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Abogado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "tqteptg92ej" }, { "id": "pair-reunion", "tags": [ "place-meeting", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "La reunión" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The meeting" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "People gathered around a conference table speaking", "imageSearchTerm": "conference table meeting", "alt": "Conference table meeting", "credit": "Engin Erdogan (Openverse) · by 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/33847763@N00/2399205847", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-reunion.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "La reunión", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "mi26qn123w7x3" }, { "id": "pair-oficina", "tags": [ "place-meeting", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "La oficina" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The office" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A modern open-plan office with desks and computers", "imageSearchTerm": "modern open office", "alt": "Modern open office", "credit": "Rashed Hossain (Openverse) · cc0 1.0", "creditUrl": "https://wordpress.org/photos/photo/4166a1eae0/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-oficina.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "La oficina", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1s64ao5103dslv" }, { "id": "pair-aula", "tags": [ "place-meeting", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "El aula" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The classroom" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "Rows of desks in a bright empty classroom", "imageSearchTerm": "empty classroom desks", "alt": "Empty classroom desks", "credit": "Lauren Manning (Openverse) · by 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/28541331@N00/2318943806", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-aula.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "El aula", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "di036w195325k" }, { "id": "pair-horario", "tags": [ "object-task", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "El horario" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The schedule / timetable" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A printed weekly schedule with time blocks", "imageSearchTerm": "weekly schedule printed", "alt": "Weekly schedule printed", "credit": "Pexels · MART PRODUCTION · Pexels License", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/this-week-list-7718762/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-horario.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "El horario", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "u03md7429qz" }, { "id": "pair-ordenador", "tags": [ "object-task", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "La computadora" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The computer" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A desktop computer setup with a monitor", "imageSearchTerm": "desktop computer monitor", "alt": "Desktop computer monitor", "credit": "djsmiley2k (Openverse) · by-sa 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/21170187@N04/4775276486", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-ordenador.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "La computadora", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1u1qv6o9ozjk" }, { "id": "pair-tarea", "tags": [ "object-task", "work" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "La tarea" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The task / homework" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A to-do list with several checked items", "imageSearchTerm": "todo list checked", "alt": "Todo list checked" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "La tarea", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "whk611kf2zt1" }, { "id": "cloze-darse-cuenta", "tags": [ "work" ], "template": "Ayer me ___ cuenta de que tenía una reunión.", "answer": "di", "distractors": [ "hice", "puse", "fui" ], "explanation": "The reflexive phrase 'darse cuenta' (to realize) is used here in the preterite 'me di cuenta'.", "shape": "cloze", "speak": { "text": "Ayer me di cuenta de que tenía una reunión.", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "iwqg5wquho2c" }, { "id": "mcq-office-item", "tags": [ "work" ], "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "El televisor" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "La computadora" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "La oficina" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "La pantalla" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'La computadora' is the computer (in Spain: 'el ordenador'). El televisor is the TV, la oficina the office, la pantalla the screen.", "shape": "mcq", "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which word means 'the computer'?" }, "speak": { "text": "La computadora", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1y1w50p80n9nb" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-reunion", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "place-meeting", "work" ], "statement": "\"La reunión\" means \"The meeting\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "La reunión means The meeting.", "derivedFrom": "pair-reunion", "speak": { "text": "La reunión", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "enil91y2rnl9" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-oficina", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "place-meeting", "work" ], "statement": "\"La oficina\" means \"The classroom\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "La oficina actually means The office.", "derivedFrom": "pair-oficina", "speak": { "text": "La oficina", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "16u7ci38i4g8h" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-aula", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "place-meeting", "work" ], "statement": "\"El aula\" means \"The office\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "El aula actually means The classroom.", "derivedFrom": "pair-aula", "speak": { "text": "El aula", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "5umpvacl6kpi" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-horario", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "object-task", "work" ], "statement": "\"El horario\" means \"The schedule / timetable\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "El horario means The schedule / timetable.", "derivedFrom": "pair-horario", "speak": { "text": "El horario", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "lyr8kz4m7r9" }, { "id": "ot-work-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "office", "ordenador" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What does 'la computadora' mean?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "The schedule" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The classroom" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The computer" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The meeting" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'La computadora' is the computer (in Spain: 'el ordenador'). Schedule is horario, meeting is reunión, classroom is aula.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "la computadora", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "81plrr1tt87q3" }, { "id": "ot-work-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "office", "ordenador" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "In most of Latin America, what is the usual word for 'the computer'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "El horario" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "La pantalla" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "La computadora" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El televisor" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "Most of Latin America uses 'la computadora' (Chile and Colombia prefer 'el computador'); Spain uses 'el ordenador'. Pantalla is screen, televisor is TV, horario is schedule.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "La computadora", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1ehlxyfclihq5" }, { "id": "ot-work-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "office", "classroom" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which word means 'the classroom'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "La oficina" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El aula" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "La reunión" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El horario" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'El aula' is the classroom. La oficina is the office, la reunión the meeting, el horario the schedule.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "El aula", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "26vymra3y9wj" }, { "id": "ot-work-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "office", "classroom" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which pair correctly matches the word with its meaning?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "La oficina — the classroom" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El horario — the schedule" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "El aula — the office" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "La tarea — the meeting" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'El horario' is the schedule. Tarea is task/homework, oficina is office, aula is classroom.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "El horario", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "64hjhng0zy57" }, { "id": "fact-ordenador-vs-computadora", "tags": [ "office", "ordenador", "work" ], "title": "La Computadora", "body": "Most of Latin America says **la computadora**, borrowed from English (Chile and Colombia prefer **el computador**). Spain says **el ordenador**, borrowed from French *ordinateur*. Both are understood everywhere — but say *computadora* in Madrid and you have announced exactly where you learned your Spanish.", "shape": "fact", "factVariant": "image-heavy", "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A desktop computer with monitor and keyboard sitting on an office desk.", "imageSearchTerm": "desktop computer office desk", "alt": "La Computadora", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Tom Swinnen", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/close-up-photography-of-imac-turned-on-1034650/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-ordenador-vs-computadora.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "la computadora", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "154j59b1x16gj" }, { "id": "fact-el-aula-las-aulas", "tags": [ "classroom", "office", "grammar" ], "title": "El Aula, Not La Aula", "body": "**El aula** (*the classroom*) is feminine, yet it takes the masculine article in the singular — Spanish does this for nouns beginning with a stressed *a-* sound, dodging the clumsy *la aula*. Same rule as **el agua**. The plural reverts: *las aulas*. Its neighbors behave normally: **la oficina**, **la reunión**, **la tarea**, **el horario**.", "shape": "fact", "factVariant": "image-heavy", "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "An empty classroom with rows of desks facing a blackboard.", "imageSearchTerm": "empty classroom desks blackboard", "alt": "Why It Is El Aula but Las Aulas", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Valentin Ivantsov", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/empty-classroom-with-desks-and-chalkboard-36650154/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-el-aula-las-aulas.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "el aula", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "17pqsn5ui2pet" }, { "id": "fact-darse-cuenta-de", "tags": [ "work", "grammar", "reflexive" ], "title": "Darse Cuenta: The Verb for Realizing", "body": "**Darse cuenta de** means *to realize* — literally *to give oneself account of*, which parses in no English at all. It is everywhere in speech: *me di cuenta* (*I realized*), *me doy cuenta*, *date cuenta*. Keep the **de**: *me di cuenta de que tenía una reunión*.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "lightbulb moment realization silhouette", "imagePrompt": "A lightbulb glowing brightly above a person's silhouette, symbolizing a sudden moment of realization.", "alt": "Darse Cuenta: The Verb for Realizing", "depictable": false, "credit": "Pexels · Clement Eastwood · Pexels License", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/unrecognizable-man-with-bulb-against-sundown-sky-5425461/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-darse-cuenta-de.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "darse cuenta de", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "x2iw7jf6mq01" }, { "id": "fi-ot-work-4", "tags": [ "office", "classroom" ], "title": "El Horario", "body": "'El horario' means the schedule. In the same office vocabulary set, 'la tarea' is the task or homework, 'la oficina' is the office, and 'el aula' is the classroom.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "weekly schedule timetable", "imagePrompt": "A printed weekly schedule or timetable with time slots filled in.", "alt": "El Horario", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · cottonbro studio", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/pen-on-top-of-a-planner-7439133/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-work-4.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "el horario", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1tncksn78wwcv" }, { "id": "fi-ot-work-3", "tags": [ "office", "classroom" ], "title": "El Aula", "body": "In Spanish office and school vocabulary, 'el aula' specifically means the classroom — distinct from 'la oficina' (office) and 'la reunión' (meeting).", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "empty classroom desks", "imagePrompt": "An empty classroom with rows of desks facing a chalkboard.", "alt": "El Aula", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Pixabay", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/chairs-and-table-at-home-256491/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-work-3.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "el aula", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1px2mhfk0kdth" }, { "id": "pair-feliz", "tags": [ "positive-action", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Feliz" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Happy" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person laughing with eyes closed in joy", "imageSearchTerm": "happy laughing person", "alt": "Happy laughing person", "credit": "Unsplash · Jamie Brown · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/woman-smiling-near-tree-outdoor-during-daytime-wm4DuvIpLj8", "subject": "A young woman with a messy bun and grey T-shirt laughing with eyes closed, full face visible, blurred evergreen forest behind her", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-feliz.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Feliz", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "dtva8c1tmvdy0" }, { "id": "pair-triste", "tags": [ "negative-mood", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Triste" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Sad" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person looking out a window on a rainy day", "imageSearchTerm": "sad person window", "alt": "Sad person window", "credit": "Pexels · Charith Kodagoda · Pexels License", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/bearded-man-looking-outside-the-window-8588905/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-triste.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Triste", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "ygwoif1p09gpr" }, { "id": "pair-enojado", "tags": [ "negative-mood", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Enojado" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Angry" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person with crossed arms and a frustrated expression", "imageSearchTerm": "angry frustrated person", "alt": "Angry frustrated person", "credit": "Unsplash · Yogendra Singh · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/man-in-glasses-screaming-in-frustration-BxHnbYyNfTg", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-enojado.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Enojado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "68likz7iyx7p" }, { "id": "pair-preocupado", "tags": [ "negative-mood", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Preocupado" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Worried" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person biting their lip and looking anxious", "imageSearchTerm": "worried anxious person", "alt": "Worried anxious person", "credit": "H o l l y. (Openverse) · by 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/48337528@N05/40061162910", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-preocupado.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Preocupado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1g450zu1fuk71s" }, { "id": "pair-calmarse", "tags": [ "positive-action", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Calmarse" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To calm down" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person taking a deep breath during meditation", "imageSearchTerm": "calm meditation breath", "alt": "Calm meditation breath" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Calmarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "vjdk6m8tm1ee" }, { "id": "pair-divertirse", "tags": [ "positive-action", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Divertirse" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To have fun" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "People dancing at a lively outdoor party", "imageSearchTerm": "people dancing party", "alt": "People dancing party", "credit": "be creator (Openverse) · by 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/119678691@N02/14313689306", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-divertirse.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Divertirse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "17o83dh5bh7zd" }, { "id": "mcq-feeling-opposite", "tags": [ "emotions" ], "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Preocupado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Cansado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Enojado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Feliz" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "'Feliz' (happy) is the direct antonym of 'triste' (sad).", "shape": "mcq", "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What is the opposite of 'triste'?" }, "speak": { "text": "Feliz", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "oftjxlg6tthl" }, { "id": "fact-emotional-reflexive", "tags": [ "emotions", "grammar" ], "title": "Emotions as Reflexive Changes", "body": "In Spanish, changing your emotional state often uses a reflexive verb. Instead of only describing yourself as angry, you can **enojarse** (get angry) or **preocuparse** (get worried). It implies a shift in your mental state.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "worried person facial expression", "imagePrompt": "A person's face captured mid-shift from calm to visibly worried, symbolizing a change in emotional state.", "alt": "Emotions as Reflexive Changes", "depictable": false, "credit": "Unsplash · Sander Sammy · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/man-in-blue-crew-neck-shirt-covering-his-face-ufgOEVZuHgM", "subject": "Bearded man in a backwards black cap and blue t-shirt, hand pressed to his forehead, brow furrowed, mouth tense — worried/stressed, white studio background", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-emotional-reflexive.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "enojarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1arlq3gmd36c2" }, { "id": "cz-spanish-vocabulary-fact-emotional-reflexive", "shape": "cloze", "tags": [ "emotions", "grammar" ], "template": "In Spanish, changing your emotional state often uses a reflexive verb. Instead of only describing yourself as angry, you can ___ (get angry). It implies a shift in your mental state.", "answer": "enojarse", "distractors": [ "calmarse", "divertirse", "preocuparse" ], "derivedFrom": "fact-emotional-reflexive", "explanation": "'Enojarse' is the reflexive verb for getting angry; 'calmarse' is to calm down, 'divertirse' to have fun, 'preocuparse' to worry.", "speak": { "text": "enojarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "19ckm6z1evcmpl" }, { "id": "mcq-c-spanish-vocabulary-fact-emotional-reflexive", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "emotions", "grammar" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "In Spanish, changing your emotional state often uses a reflexive verb. Instead of only describing yourself as angry, you can ___ (get angry). It implies a shift in your mental state." }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "calmarse" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "enojarse" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "divertirse" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "preocuparse" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'Enojarse' is the reflexive verb for getting angry; 'calmarse' is to calm down, 'divertirse' to have fun, 'preocuparse' to worry.", "derivedFrom": "fact-emotional-reflexive", "speak": { "text": "enojarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "gx76si1qp1c4q" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-feliz", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "positive-action", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Feliz\" means \"Happy\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Feliz means Happy.", "derivedFrom": "pair-feliz", "speak": { "text": "Feliz", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "iu05zg1lga808" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-triste", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "negative-mood", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Triste\" means \"To have fun\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Triste actually means Sad.", "derivedFrom": "pair-triste", "speak": { "text": "Triste", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "jigomsqbfnck" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-enojado", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "negative-mood", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Enojado\" means \"Angry\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Enojado means Angry.", "derivedFrom": "pair-enojado", "speak": { "text": "Enojado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1e6xthxl113wn" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-preocupado", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "negative-mood", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Preocupado\" means \"Worried\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Preocupado means Worried.", "derivedFrom": "pair-preocupado", "speak": { "text": "Preocupado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1h400rq56k8yw" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-calmarse", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "positive-action", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Calmarse\" means \"To calm down\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Calmarse means To calm down.", "derivedFrom": "pair-calmarse", "speak": { "text": "Calmarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1mhp2vi13cjl4u" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-enojarse", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "thing", "tags": [ "thing", "emotions", "reflexive-verb" ], "name": "enojarse", "clues": [ "A reflexive verb that frames a feeling as a change you undergo — literally doing the emotion to yourself rather than simply being it.", "The state it produces is hot and negative; with 'estar' plus an adjective you'd describe that resulting mood.", "It means to become angry, and it is the form Latin America prefers." ], "speak": { "text": "enojarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "m6j9ue1dcrbmo" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-preocuparse", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "thing", "tags": [ "thing", "emotions", "reflexive-verb" ], "name": "preocuparse", "clues": [ "A reflexive verb from the same family, treating the emotion as a shift in state rather than a fixed trait.", "This one centers on anxiety and unease about someone or something, not anger or joy.", "It's the verb meaning 'to worry,' the natural choice for fretting about your mother's wellbeing." ], "speak": { "text": "preocuparse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "18qt24g162hw6u" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-calmarse", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "thing", "tags": [ "thing", "emotions", "reflexive-verb" ], "name": "calmarse", "clues": [ "A reflexive verb for an emotional transition — but unlike its angry and anxious cousins, this shift heads somewhere pleasant.", "It moves you toward a settled, peaceful, composed state; it's the antidote to agitation.", "It's what you tell a worked-up person to do — a one-word command meaning 'settle down.'" ], "speak": { "text": "calmarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "g1s2hui2bvl2" }, { "id": "concept-rw-spanish-vocabulary-divertirse", "shape": "concept", "conceptKind": "thing", "tags": [ "thing", "emotions", "reflexive-verb" ], "name": "divertirse", "clues": [ "One of two pleasant transitions in this reflexive group — but this one is about pleasure, not composure.", "It's about enjoyment and a good time, not distress; think of a night out with friends.", "It means 'to have fun,' as in a group that thoroughly enjoyed itself last night." ], "speak": { "text": "divertirse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "ky82kzkgxf4l" }, { "id": "ot-feelings-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "moods", "vocab" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What does 'preocupado' mean?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Angry" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Tired" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Worried" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Happy" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Preocupado' means worried. 'Feliz' is happy and 'enojado' is angry.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Preocupado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "t4oo8ea6udlc" }, { "id": "ot-feelings-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "moods", "regional" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "In Latin America, which word is the preferred default for 'angry'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Enojado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Enfadado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Triste" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Preocupado" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "Latin America prefers 'enojado'; Spain prefers 'enfadado'. Both are understood everywhere.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Enojado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "3n88nts0xcjv" }, { "id": "ot-feelings-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "moods", "opposites" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What is the opposite of 'feliz'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Enojado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Cansado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Triste" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Preocupado" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Triste' (sad) is the direct antonym of 'feliz' (happy). The others are moods but not its opposite.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Triste", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "9xyt0m1rfhlr8" }, { "id": "ot-feelings-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "moods", "apply" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "You are anxious about an upcoming exam. Which adjective fits: 'Estoy ___'?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Feliz" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Enojado" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Triste" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Preocupado" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "'Preocupado' (worried) describes anxiety. 'Feliz' is happy, 'enojado' is angry and 'triste' is sad.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Preocupado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "hj5mvd3qxsz" }, { "id": "ot-reflexive-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "verbs" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What does the reflexive verb 'calmarse' mean?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "To have fun" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To get angry" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To worry" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To calm down" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "'Calmarse' means to calm down. 'Divertirse' is to have fun, 'preocuparse' is to worry, and 'enojarse' is to get angry.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "calmarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1n1czsg1we05nu" }, { "id": "ot-reflexive-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "meaning" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Enojarse' literally translates to which of these?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "To anger yourself" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To welcome" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To agree" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To have fun" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "Reflexive 'enojarse' literally means to anger yourself, framing the emotion as a change you undergo.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Enojarse", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "lodp3qkmey00" }, { "id": "ot-reflexive-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "concept" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "The reflexive verb frames an emotion as what?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "A formal request" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "A physical location" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "A permanent character trait" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "A shift or transition in state" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "The reflexive frames the emotion as a shift in state, a change you undergo, rather than a stable trait.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "uid": "1314rtvwryzfp" }, { "id": "ot-reflexive-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "reflexive", "estar" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "The reflexive verb marks the transition; what marks the resulting emotional state?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Hacer + noun" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Estar + adjective" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "A second reflexive verb" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Ser + noun" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'Estar' plus an adjective (e.g. 'Estoy triste') describes the resulting state; the reflexive verb is for the transition.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Estoy triste", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "58kwey1vjbmjo" }, { "id": "fact-enfadado-vs-enojado-region", "tags": [ "emotions", "moods", "regional" ], "title": "Enojado and Enfadado", "body": "Both mean **angry**, and both are understood everywhere — but whichever one you reach for first tells listeners where you learned Spanish. Latin America defaults to **enojado**, Spain to **enfadado**. The reflexive verbs split the same way: *enojarse* and *enfadarse*. The resulting state takes **estar**: *está enojada*.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "person angry facial expression", "imagePrompt": "A close-up portrait of a person with an angry facial expression, arms crossed.", "alt": "Enojado and Enfadado", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Andrea Piacquadio", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/man-in-blue-crew-neck-shirt-wearing-black-framed-eyeglasses-3907674/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-enfadado-vs-enojado-region.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Enojado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "gu796m52n5as" }, { "id": "fi-mcq-feeling-opposite", "tags": [ "emotions" ], "title": "Feliz and Triste", "body": "In Spanish, 'feliz' (happy) and 'triste' (sad) are direct antonyms — one of the basic opposite-pairs used to describe moods.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "happy sad face contrast", "imagePrompt": "A split image contrasting a smiling happy face with a frowning sad face.", "alt": "Feliz and Triste", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Sadi Hockmuller", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/contrasting-emotions-on-smiley-balls-29205873/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-mcq-feeling-opposite.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Feliz", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "uis9ep1sxhskb" }, { "id": "fi-ot-feelings-1", "tags": [ "moods", "vocab" ], "title": "Preocupado", "body": "'Preocupado' is the Spanish word for worried, a mood word distinct from 'feliz' (happy) and 'enojado' (angry).", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "worried facial expression", "imagePrompt": "A close-up of a person's face showing a worried, anxious expression.", "alt": "Preocupado", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Liza Summer", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/crying-upset-black-female-with-tissue-6382601/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-feelings-1.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Preocupado", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "nfqvau1e0wbya" }, { "id": "pair-creer", "tags": [ "thought-verb", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Creer" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To believe" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A hand over a heart in a gesture of belief", "imageSearchTerm": "belief hand heart", "alt": "Hands forming a heart, evoking belief and faith", "credit": "Unsplash · Mayur Gala · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/silhouette-of-persons-hands-forming-heart-2PODhmrvLik", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-creer.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Creer", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "hz298i1eqz0a8" }, { "id": "pair-pensar", "tags": [ "thought-verb", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Pensar" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To think" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A glowing lightbulb next to a person's forehead", "imageSearchTerm": "thinking lightbulb idea", "alt": "Thinking lightbulb idea", "credit": "Matthew Wynn (Openverse) · by 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/46650205@N08/4601859272", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-pensar.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Pensar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "18liovm1fe2j9a" }, { "id": "pair-opinar", "tags": [ "thought-verb", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Opinar" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To have an opinion" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person speaking into a microphone in a discussion", "imageSearchTerm": "person speaking discussion", "alt": "Person speaking discussion" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Opinar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "j7f8yh1fxlnmf" }, { "id": "pair-acuerdo", "tags": [ "agreement", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Estar de acuerdo" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To agree" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "Two people nodding in agreement together", "imageSearchTerm": "people nodding agreement", "alt": "People nodding agreement", "credit": "AI-generated (gpt-image-1.5)", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-acuerdo.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Estar de acuerdo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "djwzmu1tnoy7i" }, { "id": "pair-desacuerdo", "tags": [ "agreement", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "En desacuerdo" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "In disagreement" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "Two people looking in opposite directions", "imageSearchTerm": "people disagreement opposite", "alt": "People disagreement opposite", "credit": "Unsplash · Afif Ramdhasuma · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/man-and-woman-pointing-fingers-mv38TB_Ljj8", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-desacuerdo.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "En desacuerdo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1tmdgov1gnt5fx" }, { "id": "pair-razon", "tags": [ "agreement", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "La razón" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The reason" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A magnifying glass focusing on a single point", "imageSearchTerm": "magnifying glass focus", "alt": "Magnifying glass focus", "credit": "Unsplash · Markus Winkler · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/magnifying-glass-on-white-table-afW1hht0NSs", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-razon.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "La razón", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1f9ywmy1j4cugm" }, { "id": "cloze-en-mi-opinion", "tags": [ "emotions" ], "template": "En mi ___, este restaurante es el mejor.", "answer": "opinión", "distractors": [ "mente", "cabeza", "vida" ], "explanation": "The standard phrase to start a perspective is 'En mi opinión...'", "shape": "cloze", "speak": { "text": "En mi opinión", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "s5rp9p1xdv3qp" }, { "id": "mcq-opinion-phrase", "tags": [ "emotions" ], "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "En desacuerdo..." }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Tienes razón..." }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Creo que..." }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Estoy de acuerdo..." } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Creo que...' is the most natural way to express a belief or opinion.", "shape": "mcq", "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "How do you say 'I believe that...'?" }, "speak": { "text": "Creo que", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1uo8k762ro2rg" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-creer", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "thought-verb", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Creer\" means \"To agree\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Creer actually means To believe.", "derivedFrom": "pair-creer", "speak": { "text": "Creer", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "10ihqpxn1ikiz" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-creer", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "thought-verb", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Creer\" means \"To believe\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Creer means To believe.", "derivedFrom": "pair-creer", "speak": { "text": "Creer", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "d2l8piinxwb4" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-pensar", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "thought-verb", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Pensar\" means \"To have an opinion\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Pensar actually means To think.", "derivedFrom": "pair-pensar", "speak": { "text": "Pensar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "17g3rsat7dqn4" }, { "id": "tf-t-spanish-vocabulary-pair-pensar", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "thought-verb", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Pensar\" means \"To think\".", "isTrue": true, "why": "Pensar means To think.", "derivedFrom": "pair-pensar", "speak": { "text": "Pensar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1btffoy1pf2ju6" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-opinar", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "thought-verb", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Opinar\" means \"To calm down\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Opinar actually means To have an opinion.", "derivedFrom": "pair-opinar", "speak": { "text": "Opinar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1pbhc6k1b6krsa" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-acuerdo", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "agreement", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Estar de acuerdo\" means \"In disagreement\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Estar de acuerdo actually means To agree.", "derivedFrom": "pair-acuerdo", "speak": { "text": "Estar de acuerdo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "qfttib1tm11qh" }, { "id": "ot-opinions-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "opinions", "verbs" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which verb is the everyday default for starting opinions in casual speech?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Creer" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Pensar" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Opinar" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Invitar" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Creer' (to believe) is the casual default; 'creo que' starts most everyday opinions. 'Opinar' is more formal.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Creer", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1wne48ammpryg" }, { "id": "ot-opinions-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "opinions", "register" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "How is 'opinar' described?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "The deliberate, thoughtful verb, used to weigh a decision" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "More formal, used in debate or an article" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "The most casual, everyday verb" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "A regional term, used only in Latin America" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'Opinar' (to hold an opinion) is the more formal verb, used in a debate or article. 'Creer' is the casual default.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Opinar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1klz5ig47n7pw" }, { "id": "ot-opinions-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "opinions", "idiom" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What does the idiom 'tener razón' mean?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "To give thanks" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To be worried" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To be right" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To have a reason to leave" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Tener razón' idiomatically means to be right ('Tienes razón' = you're right), not literally to have a reason.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Tener razón", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1h4g6at1k763gl" }, { "id": "ot-opinions-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "opinions", "agreement" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which phrase would you use to express agreement?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Buena suerte" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Con permiso" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Estar de acuerdo" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "En desacuerdo" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Estar de acuerdo' means to agree; 'en desacuerdo' is disagreement. The others are social phrases.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Estar de acuerdo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "4do21g49f6uu" }, { "id": "ot-opinverify-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "opinions", "meaning" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Creer' means which of the following?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "To have an opinion" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To believe" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To agree" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To know" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "'Creer' is to believe. 'Pensar' is to think and 'opinar' is to have an opinion.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Creer", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "grehzj10u6nin" }, { "id": "ot-opinverify-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "opinions", "meaning" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Pensar' means which of the following?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "To have an opinion" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "In disagreement" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To believe" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To think" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "'Pensar' is to think, the deliberate, considered version. 'Creer' is to believe.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Pensar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1ac7hkus2g3ra" }, { "id": "ot-opinverify-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "opinions", "meaning" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Opinar' means which of the following?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "To have an opinion" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To calm down" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To invite" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To agree" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Opinar' is to have or give an opinion. 'Creer' is to believe and 'pensar' is to think.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Opinar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1ai6neb1ccdlrp" }, { "id": "ot-opinverify-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "agreement", "meaning" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "'Estar de acuerdo' means which of the following?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "To agree" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To be right" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "In disagreement" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "To have an opinion" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Estar de acuerdo' means to agree; 'en desacuerdo' is in disagreement.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Estar de acuerdo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1ge4jpg1m4ugz2" }, { "id": "ot-opinverify-5", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "opinions", "not" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which verb-meaning pairing is NOT correct?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Pensar = to have fun" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Estar de acuerdo = to agree" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Creer = to believe" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Opinar = to have an opinion" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "'Pensar' means to think, not to have fun ('divertirse'). The other three pairings are correct.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Pensar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "swyu1k15zd2oq" }, { "id": "fact-creer-pensar-opinar-register", "tags": [ "opinions", "thought-verb", "register" ], "title": "Creer, Pensar, Opinar", "body": "**Creer** (*to believe*) is the everyday default — most casual opinions open with *creo que…*. **Pensar** (*to think*) also works (*pienso que…*) and often suggests more reasoning. **Opinar** (*to hold an opinion*) sounds a little more formal when you state your own view (*opino que…*), as in a debate or an article, though *¿qué opinas?* is an ordinary question.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "speech bubbles formality levels", "imagePrompt": "Three speech bubbles of increasing formality, from a casual rounded shape to a sharp formal rectangle, without any text.", "alt": "Creer, Pensar, Opinar", "depictable": false, "credit": "Pexels · Hamza Samad · Pexels License", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/colorful-speech-bubbles-on-turquoise-background-31418369/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-creer-pensar-opinar-register.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Creer, Pensar, Opinar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "13fovxm1fh6rdk" }, { "id": "fact-tener-razon", "tags": [ "opinions", "idiom", "agreement" ], "title": "Tener Razón Means Being Right", "body": "**La razón** is *the reason*, but **tener razón** does not mean *to have a reason* — it means *to be right*. *Tienes razón* is how you concede a point in Spanish. Note where the state lives: in **tener**, the same verb Spanish uses for *tener hambre* and *tener frío*, not in *ser* or *estar*.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "two figures conceding conversation", "imagePrompt": "Two simple silhouetted figures in conversation, one gesturing as if conceding a point to the other.", "alt": "Tener Razón Means Being Right", "depictable": false, "credit": "Pexels · Fawwas S.Y. · Pexels License", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/silhouette-of-two-people-in-conversation-37744089/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-tener-razon.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "tener razón", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "11queeq1992t2i" }, { "id": "fact-framing-a-position", "tags": [ "opinions", "agreement", "emotions" ], "title": "En Mi Opinión", "body": "Frame a position with **en mi opinión** — *en mi mente* and *en mi cabeza* are word-for-word imports of *in my mind* and do not introduce an opinion in Spanish. Then **estar de acuerdo** (*to agree*) or **en desacuerdo** (*in disagreement*). To state the belief itself, the verb takes **que**: *creo que…*, *pienso que…*, *opino que…*.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "opposing speech bubble shapes", "imagePrompt": "Two speech bubble shapes facing each other, one tilted upward and one tilted downward, suggesting agreement and disagreement, without any text.", "alt": "En Mi Opinión", "depictable": false, "credit": "Pexels · DS stories · Pexels License", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/a-cloud-and-round-speech-bubbles-over-a-pad-of-sticky-notes-6991504/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-framing-a-position.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "en mi opinión", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1x2szok1umoyzs" }, { "id": "fi-ot-opinions-4", "tags": [ "opinions", "agreement" ], "title": "Estar de Acuerdo", "body": "To express agreement in Spanish, use the phrase 'estar de acuerdo.' Its opposite, 'estar en desacuerdo,' expresses disagreement.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "two people shaking hands", "imagePrompt": "Two people shaking hands and nodding in agreement.", "alt": "Estar de Acuerdo", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Mikhail Nilov", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/close-up-shot-of-two-people-shaking-hands-7821095/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-opinions-4.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "estar de acuerdo", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "136ah9n11si2wt" }, { "id": "fi-mcq-opinion-phrase", "tags": [ "emotions" ], "title": "Creo Que", "body": "'Creo que...' — literally 'I believe that...' — is the natural, everyday phrase Spanish speakers use to introduce a belief or opinion.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "person expressing thoughtful opinion", "imagePrompt": "A person speaking with a thoughtful expression and an open hand gesture, sharing an opinion.", "alt": "Creo Que", "depictable": false, "credit": "Pexels · Monstera Production · Pexels License", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/black-woman-pointing-finger-in-light-room-7114325/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-mcq-opinion-phrase.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Creo que", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1bzoxralfyvoi" }, { "id": "pair-invitar", "tags": [ "request-action", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Invitar" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "To invite" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A formal invitation card being handed over", "imageSearchTerm": "invitation card hand", "alt": "Invitation card hand", "credit": "Unsplash · Lisandro Garcia · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/text-UR_SbilElPs", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-invitar.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Invitar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "bzf49dxvbt8r" }, { "id": "pair-felicidades", "tags": [ "well-wishing", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "¡Felicidades!" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Congratulations!" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "Confetti falling over a cheering crowd", "imageSearchTerm": "confetti cheering crowd", "alt": "Confetti cheering crowd", "credit": "Stacey Huggins (Openverse) · by 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/49503010187@N01/7394892188", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-felicidades.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "¡Felicidades!", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "18uxz9bhvf1ub" }, { "id": "pair-bienvenido", "tags": [ "well-wishing", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Bienvenido" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Welcome" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A 'Welcome' mat at an open front door", "imageSearchTerm": "welcome mat door", "alt": "Welcome mat door", "credit": "Unsplash · Andrew Neel · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/brown-and-beige-welcome-area-rug-o93echtXf84", "subject": "A coir doormat with WELCOME in black block letters on a pink terrazzo floor at a door threshold, door frame at top right, a person's black boots at the bottom edge", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-bienvenido.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Bienvenido", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1y03jld1o8pn81" }, { "id": "pair-suerte", "tags": [ "well-wishing", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Buena suerte" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "Good luck" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A four-leaf clover in a green field", "imageSearchTerm": "four leaf clover", "alt": "Four leaf clover", "credit": "cygnus921 (Openverse) · by 2.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/11726702@N07/2678359760", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-suerte.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Buena suerte", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "16wgv9bj69wc7" }, { "id": "pair-permiso", "tags": [ "request-action", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "Con permiso" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "With your permission / Excuse me" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person gesturing to walk through a crowd", "imageSearchTerm": "person through crowd", "alt": "A person making their way through a crowd", "credit": "Unsplash · Amir Arabshahi · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/a-crowd-of-people-with-their-hands-in-the-air-ERSKz8OrZIQ", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-permiso.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "Con permiso", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "lsbwb9frwfi9" }, { "id": "pair-ayuda", "tags": [ "request-action", "emotions" ], "sideA": { "modality": "text", "value": "La ayuda" }, "sideB": { "modality": "text", "value": "The help / aid" }, "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "One hand pulling up another hand", "imageSearchTerm": "helping hand pull", "alt": "Helping hand pull", "credit": "Unsplash · joan m · Unsplash License", "creditUrl": "https://unsplash.com/photos/a-man-reaching-out-his-hand-to-another-man-on-top-of-a-rock-JYfLlOKRMaE", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/pair-ayuda.webp" }, "shape": "pair", "speak": { "text": "La ayuda", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "11wjqj41olh1r0" }, { "id": "mcq-social-response", "tags": [ "emotions" ], "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "¡Suerte!" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "¡Permiso!" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "¡Felicidades!" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "¡Bienvenido!" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Felicidades' is used to congratulate someone on an achievement.", "shape": "mcq", "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What should you say if a friend tells you they passed an exam?" }, "speak": { "text": "¡Felicidades!", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1wzgab0uoa6m6" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-invitar", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "request-action", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Invitar\" means \"The help / aid\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Invitar actually means To invite.", "derivedFrom": "pair-invitar", "speak": { "text": "Invitar", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1yg39cn129zkf1" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-felicidades", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "well-wishing", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"¡Felicidades!\" means \"Good luck\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "¡Felicidades! actually means Congratulations!", "derivedFrom": "pair-felicidades", "speak": { "text": "¡Felicidades!", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "a4xbuik2o604" }, { "id": "tf-f-spanish-vocabulary-pair-bienvenido", "shape": "trueFalse", "tags": [ "well-wishing", "emotions" ], "statement": "\"Bienvenido\" means \"Good luck\".", "isTrue": false, "why": "Bienvenido actually means Welcome.", "derivedFrom": "pair-bienvenido", "speak": { "text": "Bienvenido", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1u17c9010c26nc" }, { "id": "ot-social-1", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "social", "phrases" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "Which phrase specifically signals slipping through a crowd or passing in front of someone?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "¡Felicidades!" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "¡Bienvenido!" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Con permiso" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Buena suerte" } ], "correctIndex": 2, "explanation": "'Con permiso' (with permission) specifically signals movement past people. 'Felicidades' is congratulations.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Con permiso", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "18c4tmi1jqkygc" }, { "id": "ot-social-2", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "social", "meaning" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What does 'Bienvenida' mean?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Good luck" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Congratulations" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Excuse me" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Welcome" } ], "correctIndex": 3, "explanation": "'Bienvenido/Bienvenida' means welcome, inflected for the listener's gender. 'Buena suerte' is good luck.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Bienvenida", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1868br7oscuyv" }, { "id": "ot-social-3", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "social", "invitar" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "When a Spanish speaker says 'te invito' in a restaurant, they usually mean what?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "I'm leaving now" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "I'm paying" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Good luck" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "You're right" } ], "correctIndex": 1, "explanation": "In restaurants 'te invito' usually carries the financial reading: I'm paying, not just I'm including you.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "te invito", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "gjzu61li3toc" }, { "id": "ot-social-4", "shape": "mcq", "tags": [ "social", "farewell" ], "prompt": { "modality": "text", "value": "What does 'Saluda a tus padres de mi parte' mean?" }, "options": [ { "modality": "text", "value": "Say hi to your parents for me" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Congratulations to your parents" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Welcome your parents" }, { "modality": "text", "value": "Good luck to your parents" } ], "correctIndex": 0, "explanation": "This farewell custom sends greetings to absent family: 'say hi to your parents for me'.", "source": { "label": "Spanish Vocabulary — Objective Test" }, "speak": { "text": "Saluda a tus padres de mi parte", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1bhufbhbjbvul" }, { "id": "fact-te-invito-means-paying", "tags": [ "social", "request-action", "emotions" ], "title": "Te Invito Usually Means I'm Paying", "body": "**Invitar** looks like *to invite*, and it is — but in a bar or a restaurant *te invito* usually carries the financial reading: **I'm buying**. Take it as an offer of the bill, not just of your company, or you will insist on splitting something that was never up for debate.", "shape": "fact", "factVariant": "image-heavy", "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person handing cash to a bartender to pay the bill at a bar counter.", "imageSearchTerm": "paying bill at bar", "alt": "Te Invito Usually Means I'm Paying", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · https://kaboompics.com/", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/person-counting-dollar-bills-4968541/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-te-invito-means-paying.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "te invito", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "cx52uc1fm98gw" }, { "id": "fact-con-permiso-signals-movement", "tags": [ "social", "phrases", "request-action" ], "title": "Con Permiso: Moving, Not Apologizing", "body": "**Con permiso** (*with permission*) is what you say slipping through a crowd, leaving the table, or crossing in front of someone — it signals **movement**, where English *excuse me* is doing several jobs at once. For an actual apology, use *perdón* or *lo siento*. And on the way out: *saluda a tus padres de mi parte* — *say hi to your parents for me*.", "shape": "fact", "factVariant": "image-heavy", "illustration": { "imagePrompt": "A person politely making their way through a crowded narrow street in Spain.", "imageSearchTerm": "crowded narrow street Spain", "alt": "Con Permiso Is for Moving, Not Apologizing", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Huy Phan", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/group-of-people-near-buildings-1383779/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-con-permiso-signals-movement.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Con permiso", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "ax33yb1w9vjbj" }, { "id": "fact-fixed-well-wishes", "tags": [ "social", "well-wishing", "phrases" ], "title": "The One That Changes", "body": "**¡Felicidades!** covers congratulations in nearly every context — an exam passed, an engagement, a birthday. **Buena suerte** is *good luck*, used just as English uses it. **Bienvenido** is the odd one out: it is an adjective, so it agrees with whoever arrives — *bienvenida* to a woman, *bienvenidos* to a group.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "warm welcome greeting people", "imagePrompt": "A small group warmly welcoming someone at a doorway with open arms and smiles.", "alt": "The One That Changes", "depictable": true, "credit": "U.S. Army Europe (Openverse) · pdm 1.0", "creditUrl": "https://www.flickr.com/photos/37585279@N03/15809726045", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fact-fixed-well-wishes.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Bienvenido", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "1asycps4qyow8" }, { "id": "fi-ot-social-4", "tags": [ "social", "farewell" ], "title": "Saluda a Tus Padres", "body": "The farewell phrase 'Saluda a tus padres de mi parte' means 'say hi to your parents for me' — a common way to send greetings to someone's family when saying goodbye.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "friends waving goodbye farewell", "imagePrompt": "Two friends waving goodbye warmly to each other at a doorway.", "alt": "Saluda a Tus Padres", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · HONG SON", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/happy-newlyweds-saying-farewell-to-wedding-guests-5195060/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-ot-social-4.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "Saluda a tus padres de mi parte", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "16v325s1eo1394" }, { "id": "fi-mcq-social-response", "tags": [ "emotions" ], "title": "¡Felicidades!", "body": "When a friend shares good news, like passing an exam, the natural Spanish response is '¡Felicidades!' — used to congratulate someone on an achievement.", "shape": "fact", "illustration": { "imageSearchTerm": "friends celebrating congratulations hug", "imagePrompt": "Friends celebrating and hugging in congratulations after hearing good news.", "alt": "¡Felicidades!", "depictable": true, "credit": "Pexels · Gustavo Fring", "creditUrl": "https://www.pexels.com/photo/happy-family-in-a-party-7489213/", "url": "https://cdn.recurxive.com/packs/spanish-vocabulary/images/fi-mcq-social-response.webp" }, "speak": { "text": "¡Felicidades!", "lang": "es-419" }, "uid": "nwqb8wnjkr5c" } ], "icon": "👪", "shortName": "Spanish People", "videos": [ { "id": "kp-spanish-people-life_l3-family-people_c1", "lessonId": "l3-family-people", "title": "In-Laws Get Their Own Words", "caption": "Spanish gives in-laws their own words. 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